The Role of Poverty and Racial Discrimination in Exacerbating the Health Consequences of COVID-19.
The Role of Poverty and Racial Discrimination in Exacerbating the Health Consequences of COVID-19.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.lana.2021.100178
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发表时间：
2022-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Lee EK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Parolin Z;Lee EK
截至2021年底，美国有超过800，000人确诊死于2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）。然而，COVID-19的健康后果并未平等影响所有居民。在这篇综述中，我们综合了最近的证据，这些证据表明，与其他高收入国家相比，美国的高贫困水平，以及历史上和正在进行的种族/民族歧视，加剧了COVID-19的健康后果，特别是对少数种族/民族。我们讨论了贫困和歧视影响COVID-19相关健康后果的四种机制：更大的预先存在的健康挑战，获得医疗保健的机会减少，低质量的社区和住房条件，以及不平等的高风险职业暴露。有证据表明，导致美国大流行前贫困率上升的经济和政策机构，特别是在少数种族/族裔中，这是COVID-19大流行期间不平等健康结果的主要决定因素。
There were more than 800,000 confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) deaths in the United States (U.S) by the end of 2021. The health consequences of COVID-19, however, have not affected all residents equally. In this review, we synthesize recent evidence suggesting that high levels of poverty in the U.S. compared to other high-income countries, as well as historic and ongoing racial/ethnic discrimination, have exacerbated the health consequences of COVID-19, particularly for racial/ethnic minorities. We discuss four mechanisms through which poverty and discrimination affect COVID-19-related health consequences: greater pre-existing health challenges, reduced access to healthcare, lower-quality neighbourhood and housing conditions, and unequal exposure to high-risk occupations. Evidence suggests that economic and policy institutions that contributed to higher pre-pandemic poverty rates in the U.S., particularly among racial/ethnic minorities, have been central determinants of unequal health outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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