Electrical breakdown in dielectric liquids-a short overview
Electrical breakdown in dielectric liquids-a short overview
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DOI：
10.1109/mei.2014.6943430
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发表时间：
2014-11
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
P. Wedin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Wedin
电力变压器被用来将电力传输中通常使用的高电压转换为更适合用户的低电压。变压器基本上由一个带有初级和次级铜绕组的磁性铁芯组成。在一次绕组中流动的交流电在铁心中感应出磁通，进而在二次绕组中产生电流。如果一次绕组和二次绕组的匝数不同，二次电压将根据匝数比按比例放大或缩小。通过这种方式，可以将高电压转换为低电压。然而，使用小型电力变压器转换越来越大的电力负载的愿望导致了更高的电气和热应力。用来使不同的导电部件彼此绝缘的材料必须设计成能够承受这些应力。绝缘介质通常由纸板和绝缘液体组成。这种液体具有双重作用，因为它不仅绝缘导电部件，而且还起到液体冷却剂的作用。在这里，我们主要对石油作为绝缘介质感兴趣。
Power transformers are utilized to convert high voltages normally used in electrical power transmission to lower voltages more suitable for consumers. A transformer consists essentially of a magnetic iron core with primary and secondary copper windings. The alternating current flowing in the primary winding induces a magnetic flux in the core, which in turn creates a current in the secondary windings. If there is a difference in the number of turns in the primary and secondary windings, the secondary voltage will be scaled up or down proportionally to the ratio of the turns. In this way, a high voltage can be transformed to a low voltage. However, the desire to convert increasingly greater electrical loads using smaller power transformers results in both higher electrical and thermal stresses. The materials utilized to insulate the different electrically conductive components from each other must be designed to withstand those stresses. The insulating media often consist of pressboard and an insulating liquid. The liquid performs a double duty as it not only insulates the conductive parts but also functions as a liquid coolant. Here we are primarily interested in the oil as an insulating medium.