Nutritional status and dietary intakes of children aged 6 months to 12 years: findings of the Nutrition Survey of Malaysian Children (SEANUTS Malaysia)
Nutritional status and dietary intakes of children aged 6 months to 12 years: findings of the Nutrition Survey of Malaysian Children (SEANUTS Malaysia)
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DOI：
10.1017/s0007114513002092
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发表时间：
2013-09-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Norimah, A. Karim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Poh, Bee Koon;Ng, Boon Koon;Norimah, A. Karim
据报道，马来西亚同时存在营养不良的双重负担；然而，现有数据很少，并不能充分代表马来西亚儿童的营养状况。马来西亚儿童营养调查的目的是评估具有全国代表性的 6 个月至 12 岁儿童样本的营养状况。采用分层随机抽样方法，总共招募了 3542 名儿童。人体测量包括体重、身高、中上臂围、腰围和臀围。血液生化评估涉及血红蛋白、血清铁蛋白以及维生素 A 和 D 的分析。使用半定量 FFQ 评估饮食摄入量，并将营养摄入量与马来西亚推荐营养摄入量 (RNI) 进行比较。超重（9.8%）和肥胖（11.8%）的患病率高于瘦弱（5.4%）和发育迟缓（8.4%）的患病率。只有一小部分儿童的血红蛋白 (6.6%)、血清铁蛋白 (4.4%) 和维生素 A (4.4%) 水平较低，但几乎一半的儿童 (47.5%) 维生素 D 不足。儿童的膳食摄入量与建议不符，超过三分之一的儿童没有达到马来西亚的能量、钙和维生素 D 每日推荐摄入量。目前的研究表明，营养过剩比营养不足更为普遍。维生素 D 缺乏的高发生率以及钙和维生素 D 的摄入不足令人担忧。因此，改善马来西亚儿童营养状况的策略需要考虑营养不良的两方面，并强调预防超重和肥胖以及维生素 D 不足的方法。
The dual burden of malnutrition reportedly coexists in Malaysia; however, existing data are scarce and do not adequately represent the nutritional status of Malaysian children. The Nutrition Survey of Malaysian Children was carried out with the aim of assessing the nutritional status in a sample of nationally representative population of children aged 6 months to 12 years. A total of 3542 children were recruited using a stratified random sampling method. Anthropometric measurements included weight, height, mid-upper arm circumference, and waist and hip circumferences. Blood biochemical assessment involved analyses of Hb, serum ferritin, and vitamins A and D. Dietary intake was assessed using semi-quantitative FFQ, and nutrient intakes were compared with the Malaysian Recommended Nutrient Intakes (RNI). The prevalence of overweight (9.8 %) and obesity (11.8 %) was higher than that of thinness (5.4 %) and stunting (8.4 %). Only a small proportion of children had low levels of Hb (6.6 %), serum ferritin (4.4 %) and vitamin A (4.4 %), but almost half the children (47.5 %) had vitamin D insufficiency. Dietary intake of the children was not compatible with the recommendations, where more than one-third did not achieve the Malaysian RNI for energy, Ca and vitamin D. The present study revealed that overnutrition was more prevalent than undernutrition. The presence of high prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and the inadequate intake of Ca and vitamin D are of concern. Hence, strategies for improving the nutritional status of Malaysian children need to consider both sides of malnutrition and also put emphasis on approaches for the prevention of overweight and obesity as well as vitamin D insufficiency.