A Novel Cationic Lignin-amine Emulsifier with High Performance Reinforced via Phenolation and Mannich Reactions
A Novel Cationic Lignin-amine Emulsifier with High Performance Reinforced via Phenolation and Mannich Reactions
复制标题
通过酚化和曼尼希反应增强的新型高性能阳离子木质素胺乳化剂
DOI：
10.15376/biores.11.3.6438-6451
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发表时间：
2016-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Xu, Chunqin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu, Zuguang;Lu, Xiang;Xu, Chunqin
以硫酸盐木质素（KL）为原料，通过KL的酚化反应制备了一种表面活性高的阳离子木质素-胺乳化剂，得到了酚化硫酸盐木质素（PKL），并改善了反应部位。通过曼尼希反应将脱氢枞基作为疏水性基团，二乙烯三氨基作为亲水性基团引入PKL中，提高了乳化剂的性能。结果表明：1 mol木质素与10 mol苯酚在60℃、60 wt%硫酸下作用6 h后，PKL中羟基苯基数目为0.27/C-9单位；PKL中脱氢枞基和二乙烯三氨基的数量分别为0.18/C-9和0.13/C-9单位。乳化剂的表面张力为30.03 mN。m（-1）在pH为2.0、浓度为0.03 m的盐酸水溶液中，接近于商用表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）。乳化剂的zeta电位为45.1 mV，乳化时间为72 min。在相同条件下，非酚化木质素制得的乳化剂表面张力为38.67 mN。m(-1)，最大zeta电位为40.03 mV，乳化时间为53 min。结果表明，酚醛化反应增强了乳化剂的性能。
A novel cationic lignin-amine emulsifier with high surface activity was prepared from kraft lignin (KL) via the phenolation of KL to obtain phenolated kraft lignin (PKL) and improve reaction sites. The introduction of dehydroabietyl groups as hydrophobic groups and diethylenetriamino groups as hydrophilic groups in PKL, by Mannich reactions, enhanced the performance of the emulsifier. The results showed that the number of the hydroxyphenyl groups in PKL was 0.27/C-9 unit when 1 mol lignin was treated with 10 mol phenol at 60 degrees C for 6 h under 60 wt% sulfuric acid. The numbers of dehydroabietyl groups and diethylenetriamino groups in PKL were 0.18/C-9 and 0.13/C-9 unit, respectively. The surface tension of the emulsifier was 30.03 mN.m(-1) at a concentration of 0.03 M hydrochloric acid aqueous solution with a pH 2.0, which is close to the commercial surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The zeta potential of the emulsifier was 45.1 mV, and its emulsifiability was 72 min. In contrast, the surface tension of the emulsifier prepared by non-phenolated lignin at the same condition was 38.67 mN.m(-1), where the maximum zeta potential was 40.03 mV and its emulsifiability was 53 min. As expected, the performance of the emulsifier was reinforced by the phenolation reaction.