Thyroperoxidase, thyroglobulin, Na+/I- symporter, pendrin in thyroid autoimmunity
Thyroperoxidase, thyroglobulin, Na+/I- symporter, pendrin in thyroid autoimmunity
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DOI：
10.2741/3720
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Czarnocka, Barbara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Czarnocka, Barbara
自身免疫性甲状腺疾病（AITD）、Graves病（GD）和桥本甲状腺炎（HT）是人类最常见的内分泌疾病。这两种疾病的特征在于甲状腺的淋巴细胞浸润和针对甲状腺特异性或主要在甲状腺中表达的蛋白质的自身抗体（aAb）的产生。三种主要的自身抗原是甲状腺过氧化物酶（TPO）、甲状腺球蛋白（Tg）和促甲状腺激素激素受体。最近，甲状腺碘转运体Na+/I-同向转运体（NIS）和pendrin也被确定为AITD的新抗原。TPO-aAb和Tg-aAb是AITD的标志，而NIS和pendrin aAb的病理和临床相关性仍不确定。为了在分子水平上更好地了解自身免疫性甲状腺疾病的致病机制，需要进一步表征自身抗原，以阐明免疫系统为什么以及如何看到这些分子。这篇综述总结了目前的知识有关的病理生理功能和免疫原性反应的蛋白质TPO，Tg，NIS和pendrin。
The autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD), Graves' disease (GD) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) are most common endocrine disorders in humans. Both disorders are characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the thyroid gland and the production of autoantibodies (aAb) against proteins that are thyroid-specific or expressed predominantly in the thyroid. The three main autoantigens are thyroperoxidase (TPO), thyroglobulin (Tg), and thyrotropin hormone receptor. Recently, the thyroidal iodide transporters Na+/I- symporter (NIS) and pendrin have also been identified as novel antigens in AITD. TPO-aAb and Tg-aAb are hallmarks of AITD, whereas the pathological and clinical relevance of NIS and pendrin aAb are still uncertain. To gain a greater understanding of the pathogenic mechanism(s) of autoimmune thyroid diseases at the molecular level, further characterisation of the autoantigens is required in order to shed light on why and how these molecules are seen by the immune system. This review summarizes current knowledge regarding the pathophysiological function and immunogenic response to the proteins TPO, Tg, NIS, and pendrin.