Self-Initiated Expatriates: A Neglected Source of the Global Talent Flow
Self-Initiated Expatriates: A Neglected Source of the Global Talent Flow
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自发外派人员：全球人才流动中被忽视的来源
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
V. Vaiman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Haslberger;V. Vaiman
媒体、顾问和学者一致宣称，全球范围内合格人才稀缺（Guthridge，Komm，& Lawson，2008; Peiperl & Jonsen，2007; Wooldridge，2006）。过去，公司派遣的外籍人员（AE）四处流动以填补空缺。显然，这已经不够了。虽然这不是一个新现象，但一种新的、多样化的国际移动的人才引起了研究人员的注意。他们有的是学者、教师，主动到国外去自学;有的是在放学后或职业生涯中期休假时到国外去探索世界;有的是专业人士和专家，独立到另一个国家寻找工作;等等，总之，他们是自发的外籍人士（SIE）。特殊身份的人是一个独特的群体，原因有几个：与AE不同，特殊身份的人自己开始移居国外，不会等待别人的要求，甚至是催促;与难民不同，他们被国际流动的机会和挑战所吸引，不会逃离政治冲突、暴力或经济困境;与移民不同，他们打算在未来某个时候返回家园，不会安排永远扎根。SIE将至少为专家们哀叹的人才短缺提供部分答案。他们是移动的，自我启动，一般受过良好的教育。她们已经是当今全球劳动力的一个重要因素（Tharenou和考尔菲尔德，2010年），而且据一些观察家说，她们可能会越来越重要（Peiperl和Jonsen，2007年）。
Media, consultants, and academics in unison declare that there is a scarcity of qualified people on a global scale (Guthridge, Komm, & Lawson, 2008; Peiperl & Jonsen, 2007; Wooldridge, 2006). In the past, company-assigned expatriates (AEs) moved around to fill the gaps. Apparently this is no longer enough. While not a new phenomenon, a new and diverse breed of internationally mobile talent has caught the attention of researchers. These are academics and teachers going abroad on their own initiative to teach and learn themselves; they are people on time off to explore the world, be it right after school or as a mid-career break; they are professionals and experts independently seeking work in another country; and so on. In short they are self-initiated expatriates (SIEs). SIEs are a distinct group for several reasons: unlike AEs, SIEs initiate their move abroad themselves and do not wait to be asked or even prodded; unlike refugees, they are drawn by the opportunities and challenges of an international move and do not flee political strife, violence, or economic squalor; unlike immigrants, they intend to return home some time in the future and do not arrange to pull up roots for good. SIEs will provide at least a partial answer to the talent shortages bemoaned by experts. They are mobile, self-starting, and generally well educated. They are already an important factor in today’s global workforce (Tharenou & Caulfield, 2010) and, according to some observers, are likely to become evermore so (Peiperl & Jonsen, 2007).