The effect of reward on listening effort as reflected by the pupil dilation response
The effect of reward on listening effort as reflected by the pupil dilation response
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DOI：
10.1016/j.heares.2018.07.011
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发表时间：
2018-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Kramer, Sophia E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Koelewijn, Thomas;Zekveld, Adriana A.;Kramer, Sophia E.
在嘈杂声中听演讲可能很费力，但当有动力时，人们似乎更有毅力。先前的研究表明，当参与者处理听觉信息时，金钱奖励对自主反应如心血管反应和瞳孔扩张的影响。本研究探讨了金钱奖励对噪声中言语加工的影响以及瞳孔放大反应所反映的相关听力努力。24名参与者（中位年龄21岁）执行了两项语音接收阈值（SRT）任务，一项跟踪50%正确率（硬），一项跟踪85%正确率（简单），两项任务都是他们听并重复女性说话者说出的句子。这些句子是由一个单独的男性说话者或在控制条件下安静地呈现的。参与者被告知，当他们正确重复70%或更多的句子时，他们可以获得高（5欧元）或低（0.20欧元）的奖励。条件以封闭的方式呈现，并且在每次试验期间，记录瞳孔直径。在每个阶段结束时，参与者评估他们所经历的努力，他们的表现，以及他们放弃倾听的倾向。此外，参与者进行了工作记忆容量任务，并填写了一份恢复需求问卷，因为这些问卷涉及影响瞳孔扩张反应的因素。结果表明，奖赏对SRT所反映的言语知觉表现没有影响。瞳孔扩张峰值对高奖赏的反应显著大于低奖赏，对简单和困难条件的反应均显著大于低奖赏，但对控制条件的反应不显著。更高的恢复需求与更高的主观倾向于放弃倾听有关。与理解努力倾听的框架一致，我们得出结论，瞳孔放大峰值所反映的倾听努力对金钱奖励的数量很敏感。(C)2018作者由爱思唯尔公司出版
Listening to speech in noise can be effortful but when motivated people seem to be more persevering. Previous research showed effects of monetary reward on autonomic responses like cardiovascular reactivity and pupil dilation while participants processed auditory information. The current study examined the effects of monetary reward on the processing of speech in noise and related listening effort as reflected by the pupil dilation response. Twenty-four participants (median age 21 yrs) performed two speech reception threshold (SRT) tasks, one tracking 50% correct (hard) and one tracking 85% correct (easy), both of which they listened to and repeated sentences uttered by a female talker. The sentences were presented with a single male talker or, in a control condition, in quiet. Participants were told that they could earn a high (5 euros) or low (0.20 euro) reward when repeating 70% or more of the sentences correctly. Conditions were presented in a blocked fashion and during each trial, pupil diameter was recorded. At the end of each block, participants rated the effort they had experienced, their performance, and their tendency to quit listening. Additionally, participants performed a working memory capacity task and filled in a need-for-recovery questionnaire as these tap into factors that influence the pupil dilation response. The results showed no effect of reward on speech perception performance as reflected by the SRT. The peak pupil dilation showed a significantly larger response for high than for low reward, for the easy and hard conditions, but not the control condition. Higher need for recovery was associated with a higher subjective tendency to quit listening. Consistent with the Framework for Understanding Effortful Listening, we conclude that listening effort as reflected by the peak pupil dilation is sensitive to the amount of monetary reward. (C) 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.