Older adults exhibit greater brain activity than young adults in a selective inhibition task by bipedal and bimanual responses: An fNIRS study.
Older adults exhibit greater brain activity than young adults in a selective inhibition task by bipedal and bimanual responses: An fNIRS study.
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在双足和双手反应的选择性抑制任务中，老年人比年轻人表现出更大的大脑活动：一项 fNIRS 研究。
DOI：
10.1097/wnr.0000000000001516
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kawai;N.;Nakata;R.;& Kubo-Kawai;N.
抑制缺陷是认知衰老的主要原因之一。这项研究检查了与年龄相关的反应抑制变化。在这项研究中，年轻和年长的参与者执行双手/双足反应抑制任务，同时我们通过功能性近红外光谱测量他们的大脑活动。参与者以双手（双足）进行大多数试验。然而，他们有时必须取消两个响应[停止/停止（SS）试验]或一只手/脚的响应，同时响应其他[走/停止（GS）试验]。无论年龄大小，参与者在选择性（GS）试验中比在非选择性取消试验（SS）中产生更多错误，在步行反应中比在手动反应试验中产生更多错误。然而，老年参与者在选择性取消（GS）试验和步行反应中比年轻参与者犯了更多错误。年长的参与者比年轻的参与者表现出更多的额叶大脑活动。无论年龄大小，GS 试验在许多通道上都比 SS 试验触发了更多的额叶区域活动，而与年轻参与者相比，老年参与者在 GS 试验中比 SS 试验中招募了更多的大脑激活。总体而言，在进行选择性和非选择性抑制反应时，老年参与者的右额叶回、中回和额下回活性高于年轻参与者。这些结果表明，核心抑制网络的神经激活随着年龄的增长而下降，并且额外网络的补偿性招募用于产生扩展的抑制回路。
Inhibitory deficits are one of the predominant causes of cognitive aging. This study examined age-related changes in response inhibition. In this study, young and older participants performed a bimanual/bipedal response inhibition task while we measured their brain activity via functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Participants performed most trials bimanually (bipedally). However, they had to occasionally cancel both responses [Stop/Stop (SS) trials] or the response of one hand/foot while responding with the other [Go/Stop (GS) trials]. The participants produced more errors in the selective (GS) than in the nonselective canceling trials (SS), and in by-foot response more than in by-hand response trials, irrespective of their age. However, older participants made more errors in the selective cancelation (GS) trials and by-foot responses than young participants did. Older participants showed more frontal brain activity than young participants. The GS trials triggered more activity in the frontal brain areas than the SS trials irrespective of age at many channels, while older participants recruited more brain activation in the GS trials than in the SS trials compared to young participants. Overall, older participants exhibited higher activity in the right, middle, and inferior frontal gyrus than did young participants when performing selective and nonselective inhibition response. These results suggest that neural activation of the core inhibition network declines with age and that compensational recruitment of additional networks is used to yield an expanded inhibition circuit.