Patients’ Responsibilities in Medical Ethics
Patients’ Responsibilities in Medical Ethics
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DOI：
10.17265/2159-5313/2016.09.003
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发表时间：
2016-09
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Feng-ying Zhu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Feng-ying Zhu
从“医生最了解情况”这一普遍假定已经转变为对患者自主权的高度尊重。然而，医学伦理仍然是片面的。它（错误地）倾向于将患者自主权仅仅解释为参与决策，而不是愿意承担后果。在这方面，医学伦理在很大程度上仍然是家长式的，要求医生保护患者免受其决策的后果影响。这反映在医学伦理对责任的片面描述中。医学伦理可能免除患者的义务，因为他们在医患关系中是较弱或更易受伤害的一方。我们认为，易受伤害并不排除义务。我们还审视了患者责任源自一般伦理的其他方式：例如，源自对他人和对自身的责任、公民的义务以及寻求建议者的责任。最后，我们认为，患者的某些责任可以平衡医生作为帮助者所遭受的否则不公平的束缚。
There has been a shift from the general presumption that “doctor knows best” to a heightened respect for patient autonomy. Medical ethics remains one-sided, however. It tends (incorrectly) to interpret patient autonomy as mere participation in decisions, rather than a willingness to take the consequences. In this respect, medical ethics remains largely paternalistic, requiring doctors to protect patients from the consequences of their decisions. This is reflected in a one-sided account of duties in medical ethics. Medical ethics may exempt patients from obligations because they are the weaker or more vulnerable party in the doctor-patient relationship. We argue that vulnerability does not exclude obligation. We also look at others ways in which patients’ responsibilities flow from general ethics: for instance, from responsibilities to others and to the self, from duties of citizens, and from the responsibilities of those who solicit advice. Finally, we argue that certain duties of patients counterbalance an otherwise unfair captivity of doctors as helpers.