Risk factors for human disease emergence
Risk factors for human disease emergence
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2001.0888
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发表时间：
2001-07-29
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Woolhouse, MEJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Taylor, LH;Latham, SM;Woolhouse, MEJ
一项全面的文献综述确定了1415种已知对人类致病的传染性生物，包括217种病毒和朊病毒，538种细菌和立克次体，307种真菌，66种原生动物和287种蠕虫。其中，868种（61%）是人畜共患病，也就是说，它们可以在人类和动物之间传播，175种致病物种与被认为是“新兴”的疾病有关。我们测试的假设，人畜共患病的病原体更可能与新兴的疾病比非新兴的。在新出现的病原体中，132种（75%）是人畜共患病，总体而言，人畜共患病病原体与新出现疾病相关的可能性是非人畜共患病病原体的两倍。然而，结果因分类群而异，无论其人畜共患病状态如何，原生动物和病毒特别可能出现，蠕虫特别不可能出现。没有发现传播途径和发病之间的联系。这项研究代表了第一个定量分析，确定人类疾病发病的危险因素。
A comprehensive literature review identifies 1415 species of infectious organism known to be pathogenic to humans, including 217 viruses and prions, 538 bacteria and rickettsia, 307 fungi, 66 protozoa and 287 helminths. Out of these, 868 (61%) are zoonotic, that is, they can be transmitted between humans and animals, and 175 pathogenic species are associated with diseases considered to be 'emerging'. We test the hypothesis that zoonotic pathogens are more likely to be associated with emerging diseases than nonemerging ones. Out of the emerging pathogens, 132 (75%) are zoonotic, and overall, zoonotic pathogens are twice as likely to be associated with emerging diseases than non-zoonotic pathogens. However, the result varies among taxa, with protozoa and viruses particularly likely to emerge, and helminths particularly unlikely to do so, irrespective of their zoonotic status. No association between transmission route and emergence was found. This study represents the first quantitative analysis identifying risk factors for human disease emergence.