Changes in Chemical and Microbial Soil Parameters Following 8 Years of Deadwood Decay: An Experiment with Logs of 13 Tree Species in 30 Forests
Changes in Chemical and Microbial Soil Parameters Following 8 Years of Deadwood Decay: An Experiment with Logs of 13 Tree Species in 30 Forests
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DOI：
10.1007/s10021-020-00562-z
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发表时间：
2020-09
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Cynthia Minnich;Derek Peršoh;C. Poll;W. Borken
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cynthia Minnich;Derek Peršoh;C. Poll;W. Borken
枯木可能改变森林土壤的化学和微生物特性。然而，目前还不清楚不同树种的枯木如何影响不同森林土壤和地区的养分、微生物活性和生物量。研究人员在德国三个气候和地质条件不同的地区的30个森林地点复制了13种原木树种，研究了经过8年分解后的原木对土壤的影响。将原木下的土壤与8米外没有可识别的枯木（对照）影响的土壤进行比较。原木对土壤中碳、氮、磷和钙的影响增加了5 ~ 18%，而对土壤中钾、镁、铁、锰和铝的影响没有或有轻微的负面影响。原木下土壤碳矿化、微生物生物量和麦角甾醇（真菌细胞膜成分）含量分别高出33%、18%和54%。尽管在腐烂速率上存在较大差异，但对土壤性质的影响在13种原木树种之间几乎没有差异。原木对土壤微生物和土壤化学参数的影响随盛行林土壤碳、氮、磷和pH浓度的降低而增大。因此，原木对土壤参数的影响在土壤养分含量低和土壤ph值低的样地最为明显。结果表明，所有树种的原木主要增加了酸性和营养贫乏土壤的微生物活性和养分含量。
Deadwood may alter the chemical and microbial properties of forest soils. However, it is unclear how downed deadwood (logs) of different tree species affect nutrients, microbial activity and biomass in different forest soils and regions. We investigated the effect of logs on underlying soils after 8 years of decomposition in an experiment consisting of 13 log tree species replicated at 30 forest sites across three German regions with distinct climate and geology. Soils beneath logs were compared to soils without recognizable influence of deadwood (control) 8 m away. Carbon, nitrogen, phosphorous and calcium concentrations increased by 5–18% in the soils under logs, whereas soil potassium, magnesium, iron, manganese and aluminum were not or slightly negatively affected by logs. Soils beneath logs exhibited 33%, 18% and 54% higher carbon mineralization, microbial biomass and ergosterol (component of fungal cell membranes) contents, respectively. Despite major differences in decay rates, the effect on soil properties hardly differed among the 13 log tree species. The effect of logs on microbial and chemical soil parameters increased with decreasing concentration of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorous and pH in the prevailing forest soils. Consequently, the strongest effects of logs on soil parameters occurred in plots with low soil nutrient contents and low soil pH. Our results suggest that logs of all tree species primarily increase the microbial activity and nutrient contents of acidic and nutrient-poor soils.