Modeling risky decision-making in nonhuman animals: shared core features.
Modeling risky decision-making in nonhuman animals: shared core features.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cobeha.2017.03.001
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发表时间：
2017-08
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Heilbronner SR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heilbronner SR
了解高风险决策的神经机制对于开发针对精神障碍、问题赌博和滥用药物成瘾的适当治疗方法至关重要。探索神经生物学机制需要使用非人类动物模型(特别是恒河猴、大鼠和小鼠)。然而，不同物种的风险偏好有相当大的差异。尽管如此，存在着跨物种的高风险决策的共同核心特征。正如各种各样的行为范式所证明的那样，在人类中观察到的风险偏好的调节器很容易在模式物种中复制。因此，风险决策代表了奖励导向决策的重要实现，这种决策可以跨物种进行可行的建模。
Understanding the neural mechanisms of risky decision-making is critical to developing appropriate treatments for psychiatric disorders, problem gambling, and addiction to drugs of abuse. Probing neurobiological mechanisms requires the use of nonhuman animal models (particularly rhesus macaques, rats, and mice). However, there is considerable variation across species in risk preferences. Nevertheless, there are shared core features of risky decision-making present across species. As demonstrated with a wide variety of behavioral paradigms, modulators of risk preference observed in humans are readily replicated in model species. Thus, risky decision-making represents an important implementation of reward-guided decision-making that is feasibly modeled across species.