Exosomes in tumor microenvironment: novel transporters and biomarkers.
Exosomes in tumor microenvironment: novel transporters and biomarkers.
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肿瘤微环境中的外泌体：新型转运蛋白和生物标志物
DOI：
10.1186/s12967-016-1056-9
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发表时间：
2016-10-19
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Tian L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang Z;Chen JQ;Liu JL;Tian L
肿瘤微环境(TME)在肿瘤生物学中起着不可或缺的作用，参与肿瘤的发生、发展和治疗反应。外切体是TME的重要组成部分。Exosome是在泡体中形成的小囊泡，直径30-100 nm，呈典型的“杯”或“碟”形态。它们可以包含microRNAs、mRNAs、DNA片段和蛋白质，它们从供体细胞穿梭到受体细胞。肿瘤细胞分泌的外切体称为肿瘤来源的外切体(TD)。越来越多的证据表明，TD外切体可以构建一个肥沃的环境来支持肿瘤的增殖、血管生成、侵袭和转移前的生态位准备。TD外切体还可能通过抑制免疫监视和通过去除化疗药物而增加化疗耐药性来促进肿瘤的生长和转移。因此，通过修饰或移除TD-exosome可能成为治疗干预的潜在靶点。例如，外切体可以作为药物、小分子或预防和基因治疗药物的特定载体。此外，在体液外切体中检测到的生物标志物意味着外切体有可能在癌症的早期检测和诊断、疗效预测和预后判断中发挥作用。虽然外切体可以作为肿瘤生物标志物并辅助癌症的治疗，但在进一步加强外切体的抗肿瘤治疗和开发基于外切体的癌症诊断和治疗策略之前，我们还有很长的路要走。
Tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an integral part in the biology of cancer, participating in tumor initiation, progression, and response to therapy. Exosome is an important part of TME. Exosomes are small vesicles formed in vesicular bodies with a diameter of 30–100 nm and a classic “cup” or “dish” morphology. They can contain microRNAs, mRNAs, DNA fragments and proteins, which are shuttled from a donor cell to recipient cells. Exosomes secreted from tumor cells are called tumor-derived (TD) exosomes. There is emerging evidence that TD exosomes can construct a fertile environment to support tumor proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion and premetastatic niche preparation. TD exosomes also may facilitate tumor growth and metastasis by inhibiting immune surveillance and by increasing chemoresistance via removal of chemotherapeutic drugs. Therefore, TD-exosomes might be potential targets for therapeutic interventions via their modification or removal. For example, exosomes can serve as specific delivery vehicles to tumors of drugs, small molecules, or agents of prevention and gene therapy. Furthermore, the biomarkers detected in exosomes of biological fluids imply a potential for exosomes in the early detection and diagnosis, prediction of therapeutic efficacy, and determining prognosis of cancer. Although exosomes may serve as cancer biomarkers and aid in the treatment of cancer, we have a long way to go before we can further enhance the anti-tumor therapy of exosomes and develop exosome-based cancer diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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影响因子：
46.9
作者：
Alvarez-Erviti, Lydia;Seow, Yiqi;Wood, Matthew J. A.
通讯作者：
Wood, Matthew J. A.
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0600213103
发表时间：
2006-06-27
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Chen, Kevin G.;Valencia, Julio C.;Gottesman, Michael M.
通讯作者：
Gottesman, Michael M.
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1209414109
发表时间：
2012-07-31
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Fabbri, Muller;Paone, Alessio;Croce, Carlo M.
通讯作者：
Croce, Carlo M.
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Bu, Ning;Wu, Haiqin;Zhou, Le
通讯作者：
Zhou, Le
影响因子：
7.2
作者：
Berchem G;Noman MZ;Bosseler M;Paggetti J;Baconnais S;Le Cam E;Nanbakhsh A;Moussay E;Mami-Chouaib F;Janji B;Chouaib S
通讯作者：
Chouaib S