Anaesthesia techniques for midazolam and flumazenil ‐ an overview
Anaesthesia techniques for midazolam and flumazenil ‐ an overview
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咪达唑仑和氟马西尼的麻醉技术 - 概述
DOI：
10.1111/j.1399-6576.1990.tb03192.x
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发表时间：
1990
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
P. Kulka
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Lauven;P. Kulka
咪达唑仑是最新的苯并二氮卓类激动剂，可用于麻醉诱导，剂量为0.15 - 0.2 mg.kg-1。它提供了血浆浓度和麻醉效果之间的良好相关性，个体间变异性仅为20- 25%。在此基础上，全静脉麻醉技术中咪达唑仑的剂量建议是可能的，目标是催眠血浆浓度至少为250 ng. mL-1。由于其生物半衰期为150-180分钟，且个体间药物敏感性存在差异，因此观察到恢复期延长，如有必要，可安全可靠地被氟马西尼拮抗。建议以0.1 mg.min-1的增量滴定氟马西尼，以避免唤醒过快（心动过速、高血压）引起的紧急反应。通常0.4-0.5 mg的平均总剂量将导致迅速觉醒。
Midazolam, the latest henzodiazepine agonist, may be used in doses of 0.15 to 0.2 mg.kg‐1 for induction of anaesthesia. It provides good correlation between plasma concentration and anaesthetic effect with an interindividual variability of only 20–25%. On this basis, dosage recommendations for midazolam in total intravenous anaesthesia techniques are possible, aiming at hypnotic plasma concentrations of at least 250 ng.ml‐1. Due to its biological half‐life of 150–180 min and interindividual differences in drug susceptibility, prolonged recovery periods have been observed that can safely and reliably be antagonised by flumazenil, if necessary. It is recommended that flumazenil be administered carefully by titration in increments of 0.1 mg.min‐1 to avoid emergence reactions by awakening too fast (tachycardia, hypertension). Usually a mean total dose of 0.4–0.5 mg will lead to prompt awakening.