Modeling pedestrian crossing speed profiles considering speed change behavior for the safety assessment of signalized intersections
Modeling pedestrian crossing speed profiles considering speed change behavior for the safety assessment of signalized intersections
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DOI：
10.1016/j.aap.2017.08.028
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发表时间：
2017-11-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Alhajyaseen, Wael K. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Iryo-Asano, Miho;Alhajyaseen, Wael K. M.
行人安全是道路网络中最具挑战性的问题之一。了解行人如何通过交叉口是应用交通事故对策的关键。行人在信号控制人行横道上的行为与普通人行横道上的行为有很大的不同，信号指示、与车辆的潜在冲突以及交叉口的几何形状对行人的行为有很大的影响。人行横道上行人行为的一个最重要的特征是过街时可能发生的突然速度变化。这种突然的行为变化可能不是冲突车辆所期望的，这可能导致危险情况。本研究的目的是定量地模拟行人在非拥挤条件下通过信号控制人行横道时的突然速度变化。行人的速度曲线从经验数据收集和速度变化事件提取假设的速度曲线是阶梯函数。速度变化事件的发生被描述为一个离散的选择模型的功能的必要的步行速度，以完成交叉之前的红色间隔结束，当前的速度，并在冲突区域的转弯车辆的存在。使用回归分析对事件之前和之后的速度变化量进行建模。蒙特卡洛模拟应用于整个速度曲线的行人。结果表明，该模型比等速模型能更准确地反映行人行程时间分布。
Pedestrian safety is one of the most challenging issues in road networks. Understanding how pedestrians maneuver across an intersection is the key to applying countermeasures against traffic crashes. It is known that the behaviors of pedestrians at signalized crosswalks are significantly different from those in ordinary walking spaces, and they are highly influenced by signal indication, potential conflicts with vehicles, and intersection geometries. One of the most important characteristics of pedestrian behavior at crosswalks is the possible sudden speed change while crossing. Such sudden behavioral change may not be expected by conflicting vehicles, which may lead to hazardous situations. This study aims to quantitatively model the sudden speed changes of pedestrians as they cross signalized crosswalks under uncongested conditions. Pedestrian speed profiles are collected from empirical data and speed change events are extracted assuming that the speed profiles are stepwise functions. The occurrence of speed change events is described by a discrete choice model as a function of the necessary walking speed to complete crossing before the red interval ends, current speed, and the presence of turning vehicles in the conflict area. The amount of speed change before and after the event is modeled using regression analysis. A Monte Carlo simulation is applied for the entire speed profile of the pedestrians. The results show that the model can represent the pedestrian travel time distribution more accurately than the constant speed model.