Psychological Responses to Genetic Testing for Weight Gain: A Vignette Study
Psychological Responses to Genetic Testing for Weight Gain: A Vignette Study
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DOI：
10.1038/oby.2011.324
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发表时间：
2012-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Wardle, Jane
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Meisel, Susanne F.;Walker, Catherine;Wardle, Jane
肥胖风险的基因检测越来越多地向公众提供，但很少有研究调查动机或情感反应。在这里，我们报告了一项“小插曲”研究的结果，该研究调查了两组肥胖相关FTO基因对“高风险”和“平均风险”结果的反应：有体重问题的个人的小组样本，对他们来说，测试可能具有治疗意义（n = 306，平均年龄= 45岁，平均BMI = 35）和学生样本（n = 395，平均年龄= 25岁，平均BMI = 23），对他们来说，测试对肥胖预防有意义。参与者被告知FTO基因信息，这些信息描述了与适度体重增加和略高的肥胖风险相关的高风险等位基因。他们对高风险和中等风险的小插曲都有反应，顺序随机化。对基因检测的兴趣总体上很高，小组受访者的兴趣高于学生（93%对78%的人“可能”或“肯定”进行检测; P < 0.001）。在学生中，高风险的结果产生了更高的动机改变（d = 0.15; P < 0.001），但也略高于消极情绪（d = 0.03，P < 0.001）和宿命论（d = 0.05，P < 0.001）比平均风险的结果。小组受访者也有更高的动机改变（d = 0.17，P < 0.001），以及救济有一个解释他们的体重（d = 0.02，P = 0.013）在较高的风险条件，但没有增加宿命论或抑郁症。这些结果表明，在FTO基因反馈的预期反应水平上，高风险结果具有积极的激励作用，而负面影响或宿命论的变化最小。如果结合适当的信息，基因检测有可能成为一种有用的临床或预防工具。
Genetic testing for obesity risk is increasingly available to the public but few studies have examined motivational or affective reactions. Here we report findings from a "vignette" study investigating reactions to "higher-risk" and "average-risk" results for the obesity-related FTO gene in two groups: a panel sample of individuals with weight concerns, for whom testing may have treatment implications (n = 306, mean age = 45 years, mean BMI = 35) and a student sample (n = 395, mean age = 25 years, mean BMI = 23), for whom testing would have implications for obesity prevention. Participants were given FTO gene information that described higher-risk alleles as linked with modest weight gain and slightly higher risk of obesity. They responded to both higher-and average-risk vignettes, with order randomized. Interest in genetic testing was high overall, and higher in panel respondents than students (93% vs. 78% would "probably" or "definitely" have the test; P < 0.001). In students, a higher-risk result generated higher motivation to change (d = 0.15; P < 0.001), but also slightly higher negative affect (d = 0.03, P < 0.001) and fatalism (d = 0.05, P < 0.001) than an average-risk result. Panel respondents also had higher motivation to change (d = 0.17, P < 0.001) as well as relief about having an explanation for their body weight (d = 0.02, P = 0.013) in the higher-risk condition, but no increase in fatalism or depression. These results suggest that at the level of anticipated responses to FTO gene feedback, higher-risk results had positive motivational effects with minimal changes in negative affect or fatalism. Genetic testing has the potential to be a useful clinical or preventive tool when combined with appropriate information.