Density-impact functions for terrestrial vertebrate pests and indigenous biota: Guidelines for conservation managers
Density-impact functions for terrestrial vertebrate pests and indigenous biota: Guidelines for conservation managers
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陆生脊椎动物害虫和本土生物群的密度影响函数：保护管理者指南
DOI：
10.1016/j.biocon.2015.07.031
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
J. Innes
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Norbury;R. Pech;A. Byrom;J. Innes
害虫密度与其对宝贵资源的影响之间的关系对于经济有效的管理至关重要。尽管密度影响函数 (DIF) 简单地表示了动态且通常很复杂的系统，但它很有吸引力，因为它们为管理者提供了害虫控制的切实目标。从历史上看，这些关系主要集中在农业资源上：对保护资产进行量化的相对较少。我们为 DIF 的六种理论形式提供了经验证据。线性函数是默认条件，其基础是任何水平的害虫控制都会产生一定的保护效益，但它们仅占所审查的 DIF 的不到五分之一。超过一半是强烈非线性的，当害虫被抑制到较低水平时，对本地物种有很大的好处。然而，物种的恢复通常是多个过程的结果，而不仅仅是消除害虫，而且恢复往往是特定地点和时间的。因此，帮助保护管理者以最大化其价值而不过度扩展其效用的方式导出和使用 DIF 的指导方针是： 1) 尽量减少害虫以外因素的影响； 2）必要时进行特定地点的实验，而不是从其他研究中进行概括； 3）使用可识别生物群延迟的时间尺度来调整害虫控制； 4) 衡量瞬时反应（例如人口比率）作为早期指标； 5) 使用 DIF 指导短期害虫管理，并使用营养交互模型指导长期管理。以这种方式导出和使用的 DIF 是对无指导的生物多样性管理的重大改进，并为管理者提供了决策的证据基础。
The relationship between the density of a pest and its impact on a valued resource is critical for cost-effective management. Despite their simplistic representation of dynamic and often complex systems, density-impact functions (DIFs) are appealing because they provide managers with tangible goals for pest control. Historically, these relationships have focused on agricultural resources: relatively few have been quantified for conservation assets. We provide empirical evidence for six theoretical forms of DIF. Linear functions are the default condition based on the notion that some conservation benefit will result from any level of pest control, but they comprised less than one fifth of DIFs reviewed. More than half were strongly non-linear, with substantial benefits for indigenous species when pests were suppressed to low levels. Recovery of species, however, is usually a function of multiple processes, not just removal of pests, and recovery tends to be place- and time-specific. Thus, guidelines to help conservation managers derive and use DIFs in ways that maximise their value without overextending their utility are: 1) minimise influences of factors other than pests; 2) where necessary, undertake site-specific experiments, rather than generalising from other studies; 3) use time scales that recognise delays for biota to adjust to pest control; 4) measure instantaneous responses (e.g. demographic rates) as early indicators; and 5) use DIFs to guide short-term pest management, and trophic-interactive modelling for longer-term management. DIFs derived and used in this way are a significant improvement over unguided biodiversity management, and provide managers with an evidence base for decision-making.
评估和提高保护和环境科学证据综合的可靠性：一种方法
影响因子：
5.9
作者：
Woodcock P
通讯作者：
Woodcock P