DNA‐Guided Assembly of Molecules, Materials, and Cells
DNA‐Guided Assembly of Molecules, Materials, and Cells
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DOI：
10.1002/aisy.201900101
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发表时间：
2019-12
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Donglei Yang;Chunyan Zhou;Fei Gao;Pengfei Wang;Yonggang Ke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Donglei Yang;Chunyan Zhou;Fei Gao;Pengfei Wang;Yonggang Ke
DNA是地球上大多数已知生物体的遗传蓝图，但它不仅仅是生命的秘密。由于其源自沃森-克里克碱基配对的可编程性，DNA在通过自组装构建设计分子结构方面表现出无与伦比的多功能性，这一领域被称为DNA纳米技术。经过几十年的积极追求，DNA在设计高度规范和复杂的人工纳米结构方面展示了前所未有的能力，这些纳米结构可以是静态的，具有良好控制的物理化学性质，也可以是动态的，具有响应外部刺激的能力。研究人员已经投入了相当大的努力来探索DNA纳米技术在各个领域的应用，其中大多数与获取其组装能力有关，因为它们具有很强的能力来指导其他实体（分子、材料、活细胞等）的组装，以制造具有紧急特性和功能的人工组装。本文简要介绍了DNA纳米技术中的自组装方法，包括DNA瓦片、模块化DNA砖和DNA折纸。接下来的四个部分专门介绍了DNA纳米技术在有机材料、无机材料、生物材料和活细胞的引导组装中的应用。最后，讨论了能够计算和执行算法的DNA激活分子智能系统。
DNA is the genetic blueprint for most known living organisms on Earth, but it is not merely the secret of life. Because of its programmability derived from Watson–Crick base‐pairing, DNA exhibits unparalleled versatility in constructing designer molecular structures by self‐assembly—a field called DNA nanotechnology. After decades of active pursuit, DNA has demonstrated unprecedented capability in designing highly prescribed and sophisticated artificial nanostructures, which could be either static, with well‐controlled physicochemical properties, or dynamic, with the ability to change in response to external stimuli. Researchers have devoted considerable efforts to exploring the utility of DNA nanotechnology in a variety of fields, with the majority related to harvesting their assembling power, since they are highly capable of guiding the assembly of other entities—molecules, materials, living cells, and so on—to fabricate artificial assemblies with emergent properties and functions. Herein, a brief introduction is given to self‐assembly methods in DNA nanotechnology, including DNA tiles, modular DNA bricks, and DNA origami. Four sections are then dedicated to covering the utilization of DNA nanotechnology for guided assembly of organic materials, inorganic materials, biological materials, and living cells. Lastly, DNA‐enabled molecular intelligent systems that are able to compute and execute algorithms are discussed.