Bioadaptive Porous 3D Scaffolds Comprising Cellulose and Chitosan Nanofibers Constructed by Pickering Emulsion Templating
Bioadaptive Porous 3D Scaffolds Comprising Cellulose and Chitosan Nanofibers Constructed by Pickering Emulsion Templating
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DOI：
10.1002/adfm.202200249
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发表时间：
2022-05-01
影响因子：
19
通讯作者：
Kitaoka, Takuya
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Qi;Hatakeyama, Mayumi;Kitaoka, Takuya
高度多孔的三维（3D）支架可以模仿人体肝脏的小叶结构，肝细胞是在其中组织的。然而，在没有交联剂的情况下，具有均匀多孔和定向结构的 3D 支架的制造具有挑战性。在此，这项工作提出了一种皮克林乳液诱导界面方法，通过结合使用表面羧化纤维素纳米纤维和壳聚糖纳米纤维作为稳定剂，并冷冻/冻干去除油相，构建用于 3D 细胞培养的对齐多孔支架。所获得的Pickering乳液表现出长期稳定性，其液滴尺寸可在2.7至10.2μm之间调节。可以通过控制 NaCl 剂量和油相比例来调节油水界面的组装，从而产生具有可调孔隙率和多功能结构的多孔泡沫，作为天然肝脏微环境的体外替代品。使用小鼠成纤维细胞 NIH/3T3 细胞证实，泡沫是无细胞毒性的，并且细胞在泡沫的表面和内部结构中生长。值得注意的是，3D 多孔支架是人肝癌 HepG2 球状细胞形成的有利微环境，该细胞表现出类似肝脏的活性。这种基于 Pickering 乳液模板的策略为构建用于组织工程的生物适应性 3D 支架（特别是全生物质多孔泡沫）提供了新途径。
Highly porous three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds can mimic the lobular structure of a human liver where hepatocytes are organized. However, 3D scaffolds with uniformly porous and oriented structures are challenging to fabricate without cross-linking agents. Herein, this work presents a Pickering emulsion-induced interface approach to construct aligned porous scaffolds for 3D cell cultures through the combined use of surface-carboxylated cellulose nanofibers and chitosan nanofibers as stabilizers, and freezing/lyophilization to remove the oil phase. The obtained Pickering emulsions exhibit long-term stability and their droplet sizes are tunable from 2.7 to 10.2 mu m. Assembly at the oil-water interface can be modulated by controlling the NaCl dosage and oil phase proportion, resulting in porous foams with tunable porosity and versatile architectures as an in vitro alternative to the native liver microenvironment. The foams are noncytotoxic, confirmed using mouse fibroblast NIH/3T3 cells, and the cells grow both on the surface and in the internal structure of the foam. Notably, the 3D porous scaffolds are favorable microenvironments for the formation of human liver carcinoma HepG2 spheroidal cells, which exhibit liver-like activity. This strategy based on Pickering emulsion templating provides a new avenue for constructing bioadaptive 3D scaffolds, specifically all-biomass porous foams, for tissue engineering.