Do macrophytes play a role in constructed treatment wetlands?
Do macrophytes play a role in constructed treatment wetlands?
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DOI：
10.1016/s0273-1223(97)00047-4
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发表时间：
1997-01-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Brix, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brix, H
生长在湿地中的较大的水生植物通常被称为大型植物。这些包括水生维管束植物、水生苔藓和一些较大的藻类。水生植物的存在或不存在是用来定义湿地的特征之一，因此，水生植物是这些生态系统不可或缺的组成部分。由于人工湿地中最重要的去除过程是以物理过程和微生物过程为基础的，因此大型植物在其中的作用受到了质疑。本文综述了水生植物对湿地处理过程的影响。与污水处理相关的水生植物最重要的功能是植物的存在所产生的物理效应。大型植物稳定了床层表面，为物理过滤提供了良好的条件，防止垂直流动系统堵塞，在冬季隔绝了表面的霜冻，并为附着的微生物提供了巨大的表面积。与早期的看法相反，在基于土壤的潜流人工湿地中，水生植物的生长并不会增加基质的水力传导性。根据人工湿地类型的不同，水生植物的代谢对处理过程有不同程度的影响。植物对养分的吸收只有在低负荷系统(表面流系统)中才具有定量重要性。大型植物通过根渗漏将氧气转移到根际，增加了有机物的好氧降解和硝化作用。这些大型植物通过为野生动物提供栖息地并使废水处理系统美观而具有额外的特定地点的价值。(C)1997年IAWQ。
The larger aquatic plants growing in wetlands are usually called macrophytes. These include aquatic vascular plants, aquatic mosses and some larger algae. The presence or absence of aquatic macrophytes is one of the characteristics used to define wetlands, and as such macrophytes are an indispensable component of these ecosystems. As the most important removal processes in constructed treatment wetlands are based on physical and microbial processes, the role of the macrophytes in these has been questioned. This paper summarizes how macrophytes influence the treatment processes in wetlands.The most important functions of the macrophytes in relation to the treatment of wastewater are the physical effects the presence of the plants gives rise to. The macrophytes stabilise the surface of the beds, provide good conditions for physical filtration, prevent vertical flow systems from clogging, insulate the surface against frost during winter, and provide a huge surface area for attached microbial growth. Contrary to earlier belief, the growth of macrophytes does not increase the hydraulic conductivity of the substrate in soil-based subsurface flow constructed wetlands. The metabolism of the macrophytes affects the treatment processes to different extents depending on the type of the constructed wetland. Plant uptake of nutrients is only of quantitative importance in low-loaded systems (surface flow systems). Macrophyte mediated transfer of oxygen to the rhizosphere by leakage from roots increases aerobic degradation of organic matter and nitrification. The macrophytes have additional site-specific values by providing habitat for wildlife and making wastewater treatment systems aesthetically pleasing. (C) 1997 IAWQ.