Vision senses number directly
Vision senses number directly
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DOI：
10.1167/10.2.10
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Burr, David C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ross, John;Burr, David C.
我们最近提出，数量是一个主要的感官属性，并表明它是非常容易适应。在这里，我们使用单一刺激的方法来表明，观察者可以提取一系列刺激的数量的运行平均值，作为后续刺激的比较标准。在单独的会议上，观察员判断是否感知到的数字或密度的一个特定的审判是大于或小于以前的刺激的平均值。对于这项任务，与标准刺激的测试进行明确的比较一样精确。重要的是，我们没有发现任何证据表明数量判断是由密度介导的。在任何情况下，对数量的判断都和对密度的判断一样精确。在混杂的条件下，数量随密度不可预测地变化，这种情况下的生物量与阻塞阈值一样精确。在恒定密度条件下的判断是更精确的阈值比那些在变密度条件下，和数量判断的条件下，恒定的数量没有表现出遵循密度的趋势。我们进一步报告了新的发现，即感知的数量随着亮度的降低而增加，而纹理密度不，这两个属性的独立处理的进一步证据。所有这些测量都表明，数量的判断可以，而且是，独立于纹理密度的判断。
We have recently suggested that numerosity is a primary sensory attribute, and shown that it is strongly susceptible to adaptation. Here we use the Method of Single Stimuli to show that observers can extract a running average of numerosity of a succession of stimuli to use as a standard of comparison for subsequent stimuli. On separate sessions observers judged whether the perceived numerosity or density of a particular trial was greater or less than the average of previous stimuli. Thresholds were as precise for this task as for explicit comparisons of test with standard stimuli. Importantly, we found no evidence that numerosity judgments are mediated by density. Under all conditions, judgements of numerosity were as precise as those of density. Thresholds in intermingled conditions, where numerosity varied unpredictably with density, were as precise as the blocked thresholds. Judgments in constant-density conditions were more precise thresholds than those in variable-density conditions, and numerosity judgements in conditions of constant-numerosity showed no tendency to follow density. We further report the novel finding that perceived numerosity increases with decreasing luminance, whereas texture density does not, further evidence for independent processing of the two attributes. All these measurements suggest that numerosity judgments can be, and are, made independently of judgments of the density of texture.