A Review of Epidemiologic Studies of the Health of Gulf War Women Veterans.
A Review of Epidemiologic Studies of the Health of Gulf War Women Veterans.
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DOI：
10.15436/2378-6841.17.1551
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Wilson LCC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Coughlin SS;Krengel M;Sullivan K;Pierce PF;Heboyan V;Wilson LCC
自 1990 年至 1991 年海湾战争 (GW) 以来的 25 年间，研究评估了海湾战争女性退伍军人的海湾战争疾病 (GWI)（有时称为医学上无法解释的多症状疾病）以及其他医学和神经系统疾病。在本文中，我们根据截至 2015 年 9 月在 PubMed 和 CINAHL 中使用相关搜索词进行的书目检索，回顾了 1990 年至 1991 年 GW 中服役的女性健康的流行病学研究。在书目检索中总共找到了 56 篇文章。通过筛选摘要或全文文章，共确定了 21 项相关研究。一些研究（但不是全部）的结果表明，女性 GW 退伍军人中 GWI 比男性退伍军人更常见。很少有关于乔治城退伍军人的研究关注女性健康。少数研究表明，女性健康问题的发生率过高，例如乳腺囊肿、巴氏涂片异常、酵母菌感染和膀胱感染。几项研究发现，乔治城退伍军人的出生缺陷率和不良生殖结果显着升高。然而，研究结果因不同的研究设计和样本量而异，一些研究显示死产、流产和/或出生缺陷的风险升高，而另一些研究则没有。在一些研究中，参与者报告宫外孕和自然流产的风险增加。需要进一步的研究来全面了解女乔治城退伍军人的健康状况，并检查广泛的妇女健康问题，包括不良的生殖结果。一些与部署相关的健康问题只有在几十年后才会变得明显，而其他情况可能会随着时间的推移而恶化或改善。需要评估当前的健康状况、健康症状和状况随时间的变化，以及与战争期间特定经历和暴露相关的健康结果可能存在的差异。未来的研究将通过评估女性退伍军人可能特有的 GWI 症状模式、检查女性退伍军人的诊断医疗状况以及评估女性健康随时间的变化（包括可能与更年期和年龄相关的变化）来加强。
In the 25 years since the 1990–1991 Gulf War (GW), studies have evaluated Gulf War Illness (GWI), sometimes referred to as medically unexplained multi symptom illness, and other medical and neurological conditions in women GW veterans. In this article, we review epidemiologic studies of the health of women who served in the 1990–1991 GW based upon bibliographic searches in PubMed and CINAHL with relevant search terms through September 2015. A total of 56 articles were identified in the bibliographic searches. By screening abstracts or full-text articles, a total of 21 relevant studies were identified. Results from some studies, but not all, suggest that GWI is more common in women GW veterans than their male counterparts. Few studies of GW veterans focused on women’s health. A small number of studies suggested excess rates of woman’s health problems, e.g., breast cysts, abnormal Papanicolaou (Pap) smears, yeast infections, and bladder infections. Several studies have identified significantly elevated rates of birth defects and adverse reproductive outcomes among GW veterans. However, findings have varied with different study designs and sample sizes, with some studies showing elevated risks of stillbirths, miscarriages, and/or birth defects and others have not. In some studies, participants reported increased risks of ectopic pregnancies and spontaneous abortions. Further research is needed to provide a comprehensive picture of the health of women GW veterans and to examine a broad range of women’s health issues including adverse reproductive outcomes. Some deployment-related health problems only become apparent decades later and other conditions may worsen or improve over time. Assessments are needed of current health status, changes in health symptoms and conditions over time, and possible differences in health outcomes associated with specific experiences and exposures during the war. Future studies would be strengthened by assessing GWI symptom patterns that may be specific to women veterans, examine diagnosed medical conditions among women veterans, and evaluate changes in women’s health over time, including changes potentially associated with menopause and age.