A novel strategy for simultaneously improving the fire safety, water resistance and compatibility of thermoplastic polyurethane composites through the construction of biomimetic hydrophobic structure of intumescent flame retardant synergistic system
A novel strategy for simultaneously improving the fire safety, water resistance and compatibility of thermoplastic polyurethane composites through the construction of biomimetic hydrophobic structure of intumescent flame retardant synergistic system
复制标题
通过构建膨胀型阻燃协同体系仿生疏水结构同时提高热塑性聚氨酯复合材料防火安全性、耐水性和相容性的新策略
DOI：
10.1016/j.compositesb.2019.107218
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发表时间：
2019-11-01
影响因子：
13.1
通讯作者：
Li, Bin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu, Lubin;Xu, Yue;Li, Bin
阻燃热塑性聚氨酯（TPU）复合材料的耐水性、相容性和抗滴落性能一直是火灾科学研究的一个难题。受生物材料疏水表面结构的启发，将疏水成炭剂N-甲基三嗪-哌嗪共聚物（MTPC）和改性氧化镁（MgO）组装到聚磷酸铵（APP）表面，制备疏水膨胀型阻燃剂（HIFR）体系。所构建的HIFR体系表现出优异的疏水性能，水接触角为139 °。将HIFR并入TPU基质中。TPU/10wt%HIFR复合材料的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率比TPU/10wt%APP分别提高了48%和106%，耐水性试验前后的试样均达到UL-94 V-0级，无滴液现象，极限氧指数分别为27.5%和27.3%。TPU/HIFR复合材料经水处理后仍保持优异的阻燃性能和力学性能。锥形量热仪测试结果表明，TPU/10wt%HIFR复合材料的热释放峰值、发烟峰值和CO产率均显著降低，与纯TPU相比分别降低了87.0%、63.2%和28.6%。HIFR的加入有效地提高了TPU复合材料的防火安全性。TPU/HIFR阻燃机理的研究表明，HIFR对TPU基体的成炭具有提前催化作用，生成的致密、均匀、部分石墨化的炭层在凝聚相中起到阻挡作用，释放的惰性气体在气相中起到稀释作用。该研究为制备综合性能优异、耐水性好、阻燃效率高的TPU材料提供了一条新的途径。
The water resistance, compatibility and anti-dripping performance of flame retardant thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) composites have still been a challenge in the fire science. Inspired by the hydrophobic surface structure of biomaterials, the hydrophobic charring agent N-methyl triazine-piperazine copolymer (MTPC) and modified magnesium oxide (MgO) were assembled on ammonium polyphosphate (APP) surface to prepare the hydrophobic intumescent flame retardant (HIFR) system. The constructed HIFR system presented excellent hydrophobic performance with the water contact angle of 139 degrees. The HIFR was incorporated into TPU matrix. The tensile strength and elongation at break of TPU/10 wt% HIFR composites increased by 48 and 106% compared with that of TPU/10 wt% APP. Meanwhile, the specimens of TPU/10 wt% HIFR composites before and after water resistance tests achieved UL-94 V-0 rating without drippings and the limiting oxygen index value was 27.5 and 27.3%. TPU/HIFR composites still maintained excellent flame retardancy and mechanical properties after water treatment. Cone calorimeter tests revealed that the peak of heat release and smoke production, and CO yield of TPU/10 wt% HIFR composites were significantly decreased with the reduction of 87.0, 63.2 and 28.6% compared with that of neat TPU. The incorporation of HIFR effectively enhanced the fire safety for TPU composites. The investigation of flame retardant mechanism for TPU/HIFR demonstrated that HIFR catalyzed the TPU matrix charring in advance and the generated compact, homogeneous and partial graphitized char layer exerted barrier effect in condensed phase, and the released inert gases evoked dilution effect in gas phase. This presented work provided a novel promising approach for preparing TPU materials with excellent comprehensive performance as well as water resistance and highly flame retardant efficiency.