Beliefs about the origins of human psychological traits.
Beliefs about the origins of human psychological traits.
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关于人类心理特征起源的信念。
DOI：
10.1037/0012-1649.36.5.663
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发表时间：
2000
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Gelman,SusanA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heyman,GailD;Gelman,SusanA
儿童对人类心理特征起源的推理的发展在4项研究中进行了调查，共有316名参与者，年龄从小学生到五年级学生和成年人。主要的研究方法是出生时转换任务（LA Hirschfeld，1995），它提出了一个假设的先天-后天冲突。两个主要问题得到了解决：（a）在何种程度上心理特征被视为环境影响的产物和（B）个人是否可以启动以特定的方式思考心理特征的起源。结果表明，有一个与年龄相关的增加的倾向，使不同的心理特征之间的区别，随着时间的推移，个人开始相信，心理特征主要是由教养。研究结果还表明，幼儿的信念特质的起源受到微妙的启动效应之前，成人一样的反应模式。
The development of children’s reasoning about the origins of human psychological traits was investigated across 4 studies with a total of 316 participants ranging in age from kindergartners to 5th graders and adults. The primary methodology was a switched-at-birth task (LA Hirschfeld, 1995), which poses a hypothetical nature–nurture conflict. Two major issues were addressed:(a) the extent to which psychological traits are viewed as a product of environmental influence and (b) whether individuals can be primed to think about the origins of psychological traits in particular ways. Results suggest that there is an age-related increase in the tendency to make distinctions among different psychological traits and that over time, individuals come to believe that psychological traits are determined primarily by nurture. Results also show that young children’s beliefs about trait origins are subject to subtle priming effects before an adultlike response pattern is seen.