Rhamnolipids mediate detachment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from biofilms
Rhamnolipids mediate detachment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from biofilms
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.04743.x
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发表时间：
2005-09-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Singh, PK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boles, BR;Thoendel, M;Singh, PK
分离的过程，通过该过程细菌使用主动机制离开生物膜并返回到休眠（自由生活）状态，可能是生物膜生命周期中最不了解的方面。与生物膜发育的其他阶段一样，脱落是一个动态的、受调控的过程，由特定基因控制，并由特定的环境线索诱导。在以前的工作中，我们发现了铜绿假单胞菌的变种，表现出加速生物膜脱离。这些超分离变体以高频率自发地从生物膜产生，并且它们在不同的生物膜生长条件下表现出稳健的分离。在这里，我们表明，这些变体分离的机制，需要的生物表面活性剂鼠李糖脂，这种分离机制迅速恢复抗生素敏感性分离细菌。我们还表明，鼠李糖脂可以在野生型铜绿假单胞菌生物膜中引起分离。这些发现提出了这样的可能性：这种脱离机制可能有助于破坏已形成的生物膜。有趣的是，鼠李糖脂介导的分离机制涉及生物膜结构中心内空腔的形成。我们的数据提出了一个模型来解释通过这种模式发生的脱离。
The process of detachment, through which bacteria use active mechanisms to leave biofilms and return to the planktonic (free-living) state, is perhaps the least understood aspect of the biofilm life cycle. Like other stages of biofilm development, detachment is a dynamic, regulated process, controlled by specific genes, and induced by particular environmental cues. In previous work we discovered Pseudomonas aeruginosa variants that exhibit accelerated biofilm detachment. These hyper-detaching variants arise spontaneously from biofilms at a high frequency, and they exhibit robust detachment under different biofilm growth conditions. Here we show that these variants detach by a mechanism requiring the biosurfactant rhamnolipid and that this detachment mechanism rapidly restores antibiotic sensitivity to separating bacteria. We also show that rhamnolipids can bring about detachment in wild-type P. aeruginosa biofilms. These findings raise the possibility that this detachment mechanism may be useful as a treatment to disrupt established biofilms. Interestingly, the rhamnolipid-mediated detachment mechanism involves the formation of cavities within the centre of biofilm structures. Our data suggest a model to explain detachment that occurs via this pattern.