Development of gender differences in depression: an elaborated cognitive vulnerability-transactional stress theory.
Development of gender differences in depression: an elaborated cognitive vulnerability-transactional stress theory.
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DOI：
10.1037/0033-2909.127.6.773
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发表时间：
2001-11
影响因子：
22.4
通讯作者：
B. Hankin;L. Abramson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Hankin;L. Abramson
描述性的流行病学研究进行审查，表明女性在抑郁症的优势开始出现在13岁左右。一个发展敏感的，详细的认知能力，抑郁症的交易压力模型，提出了解释抑郁症的性别差异的出现的“大事实”。精心设计的因果链假定，负面事件有助于一般负面情绪的初始提升。一般的认知脆弱性因素，然后缓和的可能性，最初的负面影响将发展为全面的抑郁症。抑郁症的增加会导致更多自我产生的依赖性负面生活事件，从而再次开始因果链。证据审查提供初步支持的模型作为一个解释的发展，在青春期抑郁症的性别差异。
Descriptive epidemiological studies are reviewed, showing that the female preponderance in depression begins to emerge around age 13. A developmentally sensitive, elaborated cognitive vulnerability-transactional stress model of depression is proposed to explain the "big fact" of the emergence of the gender difference in depression. The elaborated causal chain posits that negative events contribute to initial elevations of general negative affect. Generic cognitive vulnerability factors then moderate the likelihood that the initial negative affect will progress to full-blown depression. Increases in depression can lead transactionally to more self-generated dependent negative life events and thus begin the causal chain again. Evidence is reviewed providing preliminary support for the model as an explanation for the development of the gender difference in depression during adolescence.