THE FEMALE GENITAL BONE OF CHIPMUNKS
THE FEMALE GENITAL BONE OF CHIPMUNKS
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花栗鼠的雌性生殖骨
DOI：
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发表时间：
1982
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. A. Sutton
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Genus Eutamias;D. A. Sutton
有时很难用常规的形态特征来确定真鲷的分类范畴，往往需要依靠分布图。使用生殖器骨骼以及测量和颜色特征可以提供更可靠的准确识别手段。以前的论文已经讨论过几种Eutamias物种的生殖骨（White, 1953; Anderson, 1960; Adams and Sutton, 1968; Sutton and Nadler, 1974; Callahan, 1975, 1977）。两性的生殖器骨在形态上是不同的，对于每个物种来说都是单一形态的，因此作为分类特征是可靠的。本文介绍了该属16个种和42个亚种的雌性生殖骨（阴蒂骨或小生殖器骨）的附加资料。在一些有生殖骨的哺乳动物属中，有几个物种，生殖骨的形态学在识别单个动物和它们的物种分配中具有重要意义（Burt和Barkalow, 1942； Wade和Gilbert, 1940； Sutton和Nadler， 1974）。男性的生殖器骨，被称为阴茎或阴茎骨，在分类学上的使用要比女性较小的同源骨，阴蒂骨或baubellum多。在本研究中检查的花栗鼠中，阴蒂和阴茎一样是区分动物的独特和可靠的方法。当幼崽从巢中被发现时，幼崽雌雄同体的生殖骨就已经形成了（White, 1953; Fle- harty, 1960），在我们实验室出生的三周大的幼崽中，它们明显是每个物种的特征。骨尖和骨轴首先发育，在六、七周龄时，骨的基部和所有细节都已发育成熟。
It is sometimes difficult to assign individual specimens of Eutamias to a taxonomic category using conventional morphological characters and is often necessary to rely on distribu- tion maps. Use of the genital bones along with measurements and color characters can provide a more reliable means of accurate identification. Previous papers have discussed the genital bones of several Eutamias species (White, 1953; Anderson, 1960; Adams and Sutton, 1968; Sutton and Nadler, 1974; Callahan, 1975, 1977). The genital bones of each sex are distincitve in form, of uni- form type for each species and thus are reliable as taxonomic traits. This paper presents descrip- tions of additional material on the female genital bone (os clitoris or baubellum) of sepecimens in 16 species and 42 subspecies of the genus Eutamias. In some genera of mammals in which genital bones occur and in which there are several species, the morphology of the genital bones has been sig- nificant in the identification of individual animals and in their assignment to species (Burt and Barkalow, 1942; Wade and Gilbert, 1940; Sutton and Nadler, 1974). The genital bone of the male, known as the os penis or baculum, has been used in taxonomy muich more often than the smaller, homologous bone of the female, the os clitoris or baubellum. In the chipmunks examined in this study the os clitoris is as distinctive and reliable for classification of the animal as is the baculum. The adult form of the genital bones in both sexes of Eutamias has been achieved by the time the young are found out of the nest (White, 1953; Fle- harty, 1960) and they were clearly characteristic of each species in three- week-old animals born in our laboratory. The tip and shaft develop first and the base as well as all details of the bone have the mature adult forms by six or seven weeks of age.