Elevated temperature drives a shift from selfing to outcrossing in the insect-pollinated legume, faba bean (Vicia faba)
Elevated temperature drives a shift from selfing to outcrossing in the insect-pollinated legume, faba bean (Vicia faba)
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DOI：
10.1093/jxb/erw430
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发表时间：
2017-04-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Potts, Simon G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bishop, Jacob;Jones, Hannah E.;Potts, Simon G.
气候变化可以直接威胁植物的繁殖成功，通过在日益极端的天气事件中造成生理损伤，间接地通过破坏植物与传粉者的相互作用。为了探索极端天气如何改变植物与传粉者的相互作用，我们将蚕豆（Vicia faba）植物在开花期间暴露在高温下5天，模拟热浪。然后，我们将这些植物移到有大黄蜂或没有传粉者的飞行笼中，或者移到两个野外地点，在那里植物被围在网袋中或由野生昆虫群落授粉。我们使用形态标记来量化实验植物之间的花粉运动。热胁迫后，昆虫传粉媒介的异交水平显著增加。异交种子比例从控制温度下的17%增加到热胁迫下的33%，在一个场地从31%增加到80%，而在另一个场地则没有（33%增加到32%）。在昆虫传粉的植物中，非生物胁迫可以显著地改变异花授粉和自花授粉对生殖的相对贡献。由此产生的基因流动的增加对生态系统的遗传多样性和功能具有广泛的影响，并可能通过加速选择更多的耐受性基因型来增加恢复力。
Climate change can threaten the reproductive success of plants, both directly, through physiological damage during increasingly extreme weather events, and indirectly, through disruption of plant-pollinator interactions. To explore how plant-pollinator interactions are modified by extreme weather, we exposed faba bean (Vicia faba) plants to elevated temperature for 5 d during flowering, simulating a heatwave. We then moved the plants to flight cages with either bumblebees or no pollinators, or to two field sites, where plants were enclosed in mesh bags or pollinated by wild insect communities. We used a morphological marker to quantify pollen movement between experimental plants. There was a substantial increase in the level of outcrossing by insect pollinators following heat stress. Proportion outcrossed seed increased from 17 % at control temperature, to 33 % following heat stress in the flight cages, and from 31 % to 80 % at one field site, but not at the other (33 % to 32 %). Abiotic stress can dramatically shift the relative contributions of cross-and self-pollination to reproduction in an insect pollinated plant. The resulting increases in gene flow have broad implications for genetic diversity and functioning of ecosystems, and may increase resilience by accelerating the selection of more stress-tolerant genotypes.