Rebuilding Global Fisheries
Rebuilding Global Fisheries
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DOI：
10.1126/science.1173146
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发表时间：
2009-07-31
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Zeller, Dirk
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Worm, Boris;Hilborn, Ray;Zeller, Dirk
在长期的过度开发之后，恢复海洋生态系统和重建渔业的努力正在加大。在这里，我们从渔业和保护的角度分析当前的趋势。在10个得到充分研究的生态系统中，有5个系统的平均开采率最近有所下降，目前处于或低于7个系统实现最大可持续产量的预测开采率。然而，全球经评估的鱼类种群中仍有63%需要重建，甚至需要更低的捕捞率才能扭转脆弱物种的崩溃。根据当地情况，通过合并各种管理行动，包括捕捞限制、渔具改造和封闭区域，可以实现渔业和养护的综合目标。国际船队的影响和缺乏捕鱼的替代办法使许多较贫穷区域重建渔业的前景复杂化，突出表明需要从全球角度看待重建海洋资源。
After a long history of overexploitation, increasing efforts to restore marine ecosystems and rebuild fisheries are under way. Here, we analyze current trends from a fisheries and conservation perspective. In 5 of 10 well-studied ecosystems, the average exploitation rate has recently declined and is now at or below the rate predicted to achieve maximum sustainable yield for seven systems. Yet 63% of assessed fish stocks worldwide still require rebuilding, and even lower exploitation rates are needed to reverse the collapse of vulnerable species. Combined fisheries and conservation objectives can be achieved by merging diverse management actions, including catch restrictions, gear modification, and closed areas, depending on local context. Impacts of international fleets and the lack of alternatives to fishing complicate prospects for rebuilding fisheries in many poorer regions, highlighting the need for a global perspective on rebuilding marine resources.