Picosecond lasers for precision resection of soft tissues
Picosecond lasers for precision resection of soft tissues
复制标题
用于软组织精密切除的皮秒激光器
DOI：
10.1117/12.2624734
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Shephard J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shephard J
与传统的电灼术工具相比，皮秒脉冲激光可以在高精度、微创手术方面提供显著的优势，或者使用可能导致高度热损伤的连续波或长脉冲激光。通过结合高速成像、表面轮廓测量和激光烧蚀区域的组织病理学分析等一系列表征技术，我们对等离子体介导的烧蚀动力学有了更深入的了解。例如，时间分辨图像与组织病理学的相关性揭示了这一过程的微妙之处，例如必须减轻空化效应，以将附带的热损害降至最低。此外，通过在临床相关组织模型上研究这些现象，我们可以走向实现新的外科手术程序，以更彻底地从人体内脆弱和重要的结构中移除疾病(如癌症)。这样的手术需要如此高的精确度，以最大限度地减少坏死组织的边缘，避免严重的并发症，并保留功能。除了激光组织相互作用的基本原理外，人们还研究了新的光学技术，如光束整形、微光学、成像和新型光纤传输，以实现实用和可部署的设备。
Picosecond pulsed lasers can provide significant advantages for high precision, minimally invasive surgery compared to conventional electrocautery tools or utilising continuous wave or long pulsed lasers which can induce high degrees of thermal damage. By combining a range of characterisation techniques such as high-speed imaging, surface profilometry and histopathological analysis of the laser ablated regions we have gained deeper understanding into the dynamics of the plasma-mediated ablation. For example, correlation of time-resolved images with histopathology reveals subtleties about the process such as cavitation effects which must be mitigated in order minimise collateral thermal damage. Additionally, by investigating these phenomena on clinically relevant tissue models we can move towards the realisation of new surgical procedures for more complete removal of disease (such as cancer) from delicate and vital structures within the human body. Such procedures require this high precision to minimise necrotic tissue margins, avoiding severe complications and preserving function. In addition to the fundamentals of laser tissue interactions, novel optical technologies such as beam shaping, micro-optics, imaging and novel fibre optic delivery have also been investigated in order to enable practical and deployable devices.