A selective role for dopamine in stimulus-reward learning.
A selective role for dopamine in stimulus-reward learning.
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DOI：
10.1038/nature09588
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发表时间：
2011-01-06
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Akil H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Flagel SB;Clark JJ;Robinson TE;Mayo L;Czuj A;Willuhn I;Akers CA;Clinton SM;Phillips PE;Akil H
个人通过复杂的过程来做出选择和确定目标的优先级，这些过程为奖励和相关刺激分配价值。在巴甫洛夫学习过程中，先前预测奖励的中性刺激可以获得激励特性，从而它们本身成为有吸引力和令人满意的激励刺激。但是，个体之间的差异在于，一个线索是仅仅作为一个引发条件反应的预测器，还是也作为一种激励刺激，这决定了一个线索可能会在多大程度上偏向选择，甚至促进适应不良的行为。在这里，我们使用不同的大鼠，他们归因于食物线索的激励动机属性，以探讨神经递质多巴胺在刺激奖励学习中的作用。我们表明，完整的多巴胺传输是不需要的所有形式的学习，其中奖励线索成为有效的预测。相反，多巴胺选择性地以奖励学习的形式起作用，其中“激励显着性”被分配给奖励线索。对于倾向于这种学习形式的个人来说，奖励线索可以有力地激励和控制行为。这项工作提供了深入的神经生物学形式的奖励学习，赋予增加易感性的冲动控制障碍。
Individuals make choices and prioritize goals using complex processes that assign value to rewards and associated stimuli. During Pavlovian learning, previously neutral stimuli that predict rewards can acquire motivational properties, whereby they themselves become attractive and desirable incentive stimuli. But individuals differ in whether a cue acts solely as a predictor that evokes a conditional response, or also serves as an incentive stimulus, and this determines the degree to which a cue might bias choice or even promote maladaptive behavior. Here we use rats that differ in the incentive motivational properties they attribute to food cues to probe the role of the neurotransmitter dopamine in stimulus-reward learning. We show that intact dopamine transmission is not required for all forms of learning in which reward cues become effective predictors. Rather, dopamine acts selectively in a form of reward learning in which “incentive salience” is assigned to reward cues. In individuals with a propensity for this form of learning, reward cues come to powerfully motivate and control behavior. This work provides insight into the neurobiology of a form of reward learning that confers increased susceptibility to disorders of impulse control.
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DOI：
10.1016/b978-0-12-374176-9.00024-5
发表时间：
2009-01-01
期刊：
NEUROECONOMICS: DECISION MAKING AND THE BRAIN
影响因子：
--
作者：
Balleine, Bernard W.;Daw, Nathaniel D.;O'Doherty, John P.
通讯作者：
O'Doherty, John P.
影响因子：
48
作者：
Clark, Jeremy J.;Sandberg, Stefan G.;Wanat, Matthew J.;Gan, Jerylin O.;Horne, Eric A.;Hart, Andrew S.;Akers, Christina A.;Parker, Jones G.;Willuhn, Ingo;Martinez, Vicente;Evans, Scott B.;Stella, Nephi;Phillips, Paul E. M.
通讯作者：
Phillips, Paul E. M.
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Di Ciano, P;Cardinal, RN;Everitt, BJ
通讯作者：
Everitt, BJ
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Flagel, Shelly B.;Robinson, Terry E.;Clark, Jeremy J.;Clinton, Sarah M.;Watson, Stanley J.;Seeman, Phillip;Phillips, Paul E. M.;Akil, Huda
通讯作者：
Akil, Huda
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Stead, John D. H.;Clinton, Sarah;Akil, Huda
通讯作者：
Akil, Huda