Enteroviruses in chronic fatigue syndrome: "now you see them, now you don't".
Enteroviruses in chronic fatigue syndrome: "now you see them, now you don't".
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慢性疲劳综合症中的肠道病毒：“现在你看到它们，现在你看不到”。
DOI：
10.1136/jnnp.74.10.1361
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发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Dalakas,MC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dalakas,MC
世纪后半叶，John Hughlings杰克逊根据对结构性病变患者的临床病理观察，并进一步得到开创性脑外科手术的支持，提出了部分性癫痫的概念，包括“钩突癫痫”。1 2随着世纪初脑电图的发现，颞叶癫痫（TLE）的概念得到进一步阐明。吉布斯等人描述了在“精神病发作”期间广泛存在的缓慢活动;他们提出了一种弥漫性的潜在大脑紊乱，这与杰克逊的观察结果不一致。碧玉和克什曼4描述了他们诊断为“颞叶癫痫”的患者的局灶性颞尖波。到了世纪中期，术语TLE被广泛使用，随后对这种疾病的许多理解都是基于对难治性病例的术前研究。传统上，TLE被认为是继发于海马硬化、肿瘤、创伤、血管畸形和神经元迁移障碍等病变的获得性疾病。5然而，法尔科纳等人在110例难治性病例中研究了TLE的病因学，并证明95%的病例有潜在的大脑病理学，但也敏锐地指出，“然而，这些病变可能在已经倾向于惊厥的土壤上发展”。6在过去的20年中，遗传学在TLE中的关键作用的演变变得越来越明显。具有听觉特征的常染色体显性部分性癫痫1995年，Rehman等人描述了与染色体10 q7相关的具有听觉特征的部分性癫痫，后来被称为具有听觉特征的常染色体显性部分性癫痫综合征（ADPEAF）。8个映射到同一区域的相似家族被描述为具有突出的视觉特征或感觉言语障碍，所有这些都表明了颞侧起源。9 10 ADPEAF是一种良性综合征，在生命的第一至第三十年发病，
In the second half of the 19th century, John Hughlings Jackson proposed the concept of partial epilepsy, including ‘‘uncinate seizures’’, based on clinicopathological observations from patients with structural lesions and further supported by pioneering brain surgery. 1 2 With the discovery of EEG in the early 20th century, the concepts of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) were further elucidated. Gibbs et al3 described widespread slow activity during ‘‘psychomotor attacks’’; they proposed a diffuse underlying cerebral disturbance, which was not in line with Jackson’s observations. Jasper and Kershman4 then described focal temporal sharp waves in patients they diagnosed with ‘‘temporal lobe seizures’’. By the middle of the 20th century, the term TLE was widely utilised and much of the subsequent understanding of this disorder was based on pre-surgical studies of intractable cases. Traditionally, TLE has been considered to be an acquired disorder secondary to lesions such as hippocampal sclerosis, tumours, trauma, vascular malformations, and neuronal migration disorders. 5 Falconer et al, however, studied the aetiology of TLE in 110 refractory cases and demonstrated 95% of cases had underlying cerebral pathology, but also astutely stated,‘‘these lesions, however may develop on a soil already predisposed to convulsions’’. 6 In the past 20 years, what is becoming more evident is this evolving key role of genetics in TLE.AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT PARTIAL EPILEPSY WITH AUDITORY FEATURES In 1995, Ottman et al described partial epilepsy with auditory features linked to chromosome 10q7 and later termed the syndrome autosomal dominant partial epilepsy with auditory features (ADPEAF). 8 Similar families mapping to the same region were described with prominent visual features or sensory dysphasia, all suggesting a lateral temporal origin. 9 10 ADPEAF is a benign syndrome with onset in the first to third decades of life, no abnormalities on