Bite force in vertebrates: opportunities and caveats for use of a nonpareil whole-animal performance measure
Bite force in vertebrates: opportunities and caveats for use of a nonpareil whole-animal performance measure
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1095-8312.2007.00905.x
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发表时间：
2008-04-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Herrel, Anthony
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anderson, Roger A.;McBrayer, Lance D.;Herrel, Anthony
整个生物体表现特征的测量在适应和表型-环境相关性的研究中是有用的。咬合力能力可能与脊椎动物的食物获取、配偶获取和反捕食的生态挑战的类型和规模密切相关。在本研究中，我们介绍了咬合计和测量咬合力的技术细节。进行可靠测量的能力取决于测量装置的特定特性以及咬合在口腔中的位置。利用以前获得的数据和原始数据，我们展示了咬合力测量的几个生态和进化上相关的特征。首先，迄今为止所研究的所有脊椎动物的最大咬合力在个体之间是可重复的。其次，在蜥蜴等外温类动物中，最大咬合力受到体温和动机状态的影响。第三，咬合力与头部的大小和形状密切相关。第四，咬合力与脊椎动物猎物的特征相关。最后，咬合力与男性主导地位有关，并与社交展示结构相关。因此，咬合力表现的测量可以被用作“特征”，从而被用于生物生物学的多个层面的综合研究。因此，咬合力数据将有助于我们了解颌骨-颅骨肌肉骨骼系统的功能、容量和进化。此外，使用咬合力测量的机会很多，如果仔细应用这些方法，可以整合几个层次的生物和生态组织，以帮助我们了解脊椎动物类群的生态学和进化。(C)2008年伦敦林尼安协会。
Measurements of whole-organism performance traits have been useful in studies of adaptation and phenotype-environment correlations. Bite force capacities may be tightly linked to both the type and magnitude of the ecological challenges of food acquisition, mate acquisition, and antipredation in vertebrates. In the present study, we present technical details on bite meters and on measuring bite forces. The ability to take reliable measurements depends on specific features of the measuring device and on where in the mouth the bite is applied. Using both previously available and original data, we demonstrate several ecologically and evolutionarily relevant features of bite force measurements. First, maximal bite forces are repeatable among individuals across all vertebrates studied to date. Second, in ectotherms such as lizards, maximal bite forces are affected by body temperature and motivational states. Third, bite forces are strongly correlated with head size and shape. Fourth, bite forces correlate with features of prey of vertebrates. Finally, bite forces are linked to male dominance and correlated with social-display structures. Thus, bite force performance measures can be used as 'traits', and thus be used in integrative studies at multiple levels of organismal biology. Accordingly, bite force data will help our understanding of the functions, capacities, and evolution of jaw-cranial musculoskeletal systems. Moreover, a plethora of opportunities exist for the use of bite force measurements, and if methods are carefully applied, several levels of organismal and ecological organization can be integrated to aid our understanding of the ecology and evolution of vertebrate taxa. (C) 2008 The Linnean Society of London.