Responses to song playback vary with the vocal performance of both signal senders and receivers
Responses to song playback vary with the vocal performance of both signal senders and receivers
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对歌曲播放的响应随信号发送者和接收者的声音表现而变化
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Podos
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文献类型：
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作者：
D. Moseley;D. Lahti;J. Podos
许多动物物种的交配信号很难产生，因此应该表明信号的质量。越来越多的证据表明，接收器会根据不同性能水平的信号调整自己的行为，尽管人们对接收器属性是否以及如何影响响应知之甚少。为了探索这个主题，我们对沼泽麻雀Melospiza georgiana进行了两个实验，在实验中，我们用颤音频率自然、数字降低或数字提高的歌曲（分别为控制、低和高性能刺激）来挑战领地雄性。在我们的第一个实验中，我们发现男性对控制歌曲的反应比对低表现的刺激更有攻击性，低表现的刺激与最严重的颤音率降低引起了最弱的攻击性反应，并且受试者自己的颤音率预测了攻击性反应。在我们的第二个实验中，我们发现男性对高性能刺激的反应差异很大，其方式由两个因素预测：我们提高高性能刺激的刺激表现水平的程度，以及受试者自己的声音表现水平。具体来说，当我们把表现水平提高到更高的程度时，雄性对刺激的攻击性更低，而声音表现更高的雄性对刺激的反应更积极。这些发现共同提供了一个新的例证，说明对攻击性信号的反应可能不仅依赖于信号属性，还依赖于反应动物本身的属性。
Mating signals of many animal species are difficult to produce and thus should indicate signaler quality. Growing evidence suggests that receivers modulate their behaviour in response to signals with varying performance levels, although little is known about if and how responses are affected by receiver attributes. To explore this topic we conducted two experiments with swamp sparrows, Melospiza georgiana, in which we challenged territorial males with playback of songs with trill rates that were natural, digitally reduced, or digitally elevated (control-, low- and high-performance stimuli, respectively). In our first experiment, we found that males responded more aggressively to control songs than to low-performance stimuli, that low-performance stimuli with the most severe trill-rate reductions elicited the weakest aggressive responses, and that the subjects' own trill rates predicted aggressive responses. In our second experiment, we found that male responses to high-performance stimuli varied significantly, in ways predicted by two factors: the degree to which we had elevated stimulus performance levels of high-performance stimuli, and subjects' own vocal performance levels. Specifically, males were less aggressive towards stimuli for which we had elevated performance levels to higher degrees, and subject males with higher vocal performances themselves responded more aggressively. These findings together offer a novel illustration of how responses to aggressive signals may rely not just on signal attributes, but also on attributes of responding animals themselves.