Drought-Tolerant Corn Hybrids Yield More in Drought-Stressed Environments with No Penalty in Non-stressed Environments.
Drought-Tolerant Corn Hybrids Yield More in Drought-Stressed Environments with No Penalty in Non-stressed Environments.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2016.01534
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Ciampitti IA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Adee E;Roozeboom K;Balboa GR;Schlegel A;Ciampitti IA
耐旱(DT)玉米(Zea Mays L.)杂交种可能取决于干旱强度、持续时间、作物生长阶段(时间)以及所选杂交种存在的一系列耐旱机制。我们假设，在干旱胁迫下，含有DT性状的玉米杂交种将比不含DT性状的杂交种产生更稳定的产量。这项研究的目的是确定DT杂交种与非DT杂交种相比具有产量优势的生产环境类型。在不同土壤类型、季节蒸散量(ET)和水汽压亏缺(VPD)的6个立地年中种植了成熟度相近的耐旱和非DT杂交种对，代表了一系列宏观环境。灌溉制度和播种量被用来在每个宏观环境中创造几个微环境。从水分利用效率、籽粒产量和环境指数三个方面表征了杂交种对宏观和微观环境胁迫的响应。DT杂交种的产量优势与环境、ET、VPD呈正相关。耐旱杂交种在高、中ET环境(>；430 mm ET)下的产量比非DT杂交种高5~7%，相当于季节VPD大于1200pa。环境指数分析证实，DT杂交种在胁迫环境中表现更优。DT杂交种的产量优势表现在产量下降到10.8mgha-1以下，在低产范围内平均可达0.6-1mgha-1。采用DT技术的杂交种可以最大限度地减少减产，同时在高产环境中保持可比的产量潜力，从而在一定程度上缓解干旱胁迫。进一步的研究应集中在商品化玉米耐旱杂交种的生理机制上。
The potential benefit of drought-tolerant (DT) corn (Zea mays L.) hybrids may depend on drought intensity, duration, crop growth stage (timing), and the array of drought tolerance mechanisms present in selected hybrids. We hypothesized that corn hybrids containing DT traits would produce more consistent yields compared to non-DT hybrids in the presence of drought stress. The objective of this study was to define types of production environments where DT hybrids have a yield advantage compared to non-DT hybrids. Drought tolerant and non-DT hybrid pairs of similar maturity were planted in six site-years with different soil types, seasonal evapotranspiration (ET), and vapor pressure deficit (VPD), representing a range of macro-environments. Irrigation regimes and seeding rates were used to create several micro-environments within each macro-environment. Hybrid response to the range of macro and micro-environmental stresses were characterized in terms of water use efficiency, grain yield, and environmental index. Yield advantage of DT hybrids was positively correlated with environment ET and VPD. Drought tolerant hybrids yielded 5 to 7% more than non-DT hybrids in high and medium ET environments (>430 mm ET), corresponding to seasonal VPD greater than 1200 Pa. Environmental index analysis confirmed that DT hybrids were superior in stressful environments. Yield advantage for DT hybrids appeared as yield dropped below 10.8 Mg ha-1 and averaged as much as 0.6–1 Mg ha-1 at the low yield range. Hybrids with DT technology can offer a degree of buffering against drought stress by minimizing yield reduction, but also maintaining a comparable yield potential in high yielding environments. Further studies should focus on the physiological mechanisms presented in the commercially available corn drought tolerant hybrids.
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