Vestibular effects on upper airway musculature.
Vestibular effects on upper airway musculature.
复制标题
前庭对上呼吸道肌肉组织的影响。
DOI：
10.1016/0006-8993(96)00674-9
复制
发表时间：
1996
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Miller,AD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Siniaia,MS;Miller,AD
前庭系统对头部的加速度产生各种补偿反应，包括从胸部和腹部的呼吸肌神经记录的反射反应。为了更好地了解前庭呼吸反射的功能意义，我们调查了在何种程度上，这种反应也存在于上气道的肌肉神经。实验是在成年猫身上进行的，这些猫被去脑、麻痹和人工通气。使用短串电流脉冲的前庭神经的电刺激在以下神经上诱发反射反应：喉返神经、上级喉神经、迷走神经的咽分支、舌咽神经和舌下神经。反应是双边的，平均发生在刺激开始后约15 ms内。前庭内侧核和前庭下核被证明是必要的反射，因为反应被取消的神经毒素海人酸注射到这些核。从上呼吸道的呼吸肌神经以及胸部和腹部的呼吸肌神经记录的前庭诱发反应的广泛存在表明，前庭呼吸反射的一个功能是在运动和姿势变化期间提供呼吸和气道通畅性的调整。
The vestibular system produces a variety of compensatory responses to accelerations of the head, which include reflex responses recorded from respiratory muscle nerves of the thorax and abdomen. In order to better understand the functional significance of vestibulo-respiratory reflexes, we investigated the extent to which such responses are also present on muscle nerves of the upper airway. Experiments were conducted on adult cats that were decerebrated, paralyzed, and artificially ventilated. Electrical stimulation of the vestibular nerve using short trains of current pulses evoked reflex responses on the following nerves: recurrent laryngeal, superior laryngeal, pharyngeal branch of the vagus, glossopharyngeal, and hypoglossal. The responses were bilateral and occurred on average within about 15 ms after stimulus onset. The medial and inferior vestibular nuclei were shown to be essential for the reflex, since the responses were abolished by injections of the neurotoxin kainic acid into these nuclei. The widespread presence of vestibular-evoked responses recorded from respiratory muscle nerves of the upper airway, as well as from those of the thorax and abdomen, suggests that one function of vestibulo-respiratory reflexes is to provide adjustments in breathing and airway patency during movements and changes in posture.