A sensory system at the interface between urban stormwater runoff and salmon survival
A sensory system at the interface between urban stormwater runoff and salmon survival
复制标题
DOI：
10.1021/es062287r
复制
发表时间：
2007-04-15
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Scholz, Nathaniel L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sandahl, Jason F.;Baldwin, David H.;Scholz, Nathaniel L.
机动车辆是铜等有毒污染物的主要来源，铜是一种源自汽车尾气和刹车片磨损的金属。铜和其他污染物沉积在道路和其他不透水的表面上，然后通过雨水径流输送到水生栖息地。在美国西部，接触铜等非点源污染物已成为许多在沿海流域和河口产卵和繁殖的受威胁和濒临灭绝的太平洋鲑鱼（Oncorhynchus spp.）种群的一个新问题。为了解决这个问题，我们使用传统的神经生理学记录来研究生态相关的铜暴露（0-20μg/L，持续3小时）对幼年银大麻哈鱼（O.kisutch）嗅觉系统的影响。这些记录与计算机辅助行为视频分析相结合，以评估暴露于铜的银银对化学捕食线索（同种警报信息素）的敏感性和反应性。浓度低至 2 μg/L 的铜会显着损害幼年银大麻哈鱼的感觉生理机能和捕食者回避行为。因此，城市景观中的含铜雨水径流有可能导致暴露的鲑鱼化学感应剥夺并增加捕食死亡率。
Motor vehicles are a major source of toxic contaminants such as copper, a metal that originates from vehicle exhaust and brake pad wear. Copper and other pollutants are deposited on roads and other impervious surfaces and then transported to aquatic habitats via stormwater runoff. In the western United States, exposure to non-point source pollutants such as copper is an emerging concern for many populations of threatened and endangered Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) that spawn and rear in coastal watersheds and estuaries. To address this concern, we used conventional neurophysiological recordings to investigate the impact of ecologically relevant copper exposures (0-20 mu g/L for 3 h) on the olfactory system of juvenile coho salmon (O. kisutch). These recordings were combined with computer-assisted video analyses of behavior to evaluate the sensitivity and responsiveness of copper-exposed coho to a chemical predation cue (conspecific alarm pheromone). The sensory physiology and predator avoidance behaviors of juvenile coho were both significantly impaired by copper at concentrations as low as 2 mu g/L. Therefore, copper-containing stormwater runoff from urban landscapes has the potential to cause chemosensory deprivation and increased predation mortality in exposed salmon.