Differentiating Anxiety and Depression in Relation to the Social Functioning of Young Adolescents With ADHD
Differentiating Anxiety and Depression in Relation to the Social Functioning of Young Adolescents With ADHD
复制标题
DOI：
10.1080/15374416.2014.930689
复制
发表时间：
2015-11-02
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Vaughn, Aaron J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Becker, Stephen P.;Langberg, Joshua M.;Vaughn, Aaron J.
本研究考察了患有注意力缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）的青少年的焦虑和抑郁症状与社会功能的关系，并以先前的工作为基础，纳入了青少年对内化症状的自我报告，并检查了不同的焦虑和抑郁维度以增加特异性。参与者为 310 名被诊断患有多动症的青少年（10-14 岁；71% 为男性，78% 为白人）。青少年提供焦虑/抑郁的评级，父母提供他们自己抑郁的评级。父母和青少年都报告了青少年的社交技能和社会接受度。路径分析表明，除了儿童人口统计数据外，多动症和对立违抗性障碍症状的严重程度以及父母自身的抑郁、自我报告的社交焦虑和快感缺失都与青少年报告的社交技能较低以及父母和青少年报告的社会接受度相关。负面的自我评价与家长报告的较差的社交技能有关。最后，避免伤害与青少年和家长报告的社交技能呈正相关。使用共病诊断（而不是症状维度）进行的路径分析表明，共病破坏性行为障碍或抑郁诊断（但不是共病焦虑诊断）与父母报告的较差的社会功能相关。结果表明，患有多动症的青少年的内化症状和社会功能之间的关系是微妙的，社交焦虑和快感缺乏症状与较低的社交技能和社会接受度相关，而避免伤害则与较高的社交技能评级相关（与社会接受度无关）。就合并症诊断而言，抑郁症比焦虑症与多动症青少年社会功能较差的关系更明显。这些结果表明在临床护理和未来研究中关注焦虑和抑郁的特定方面的重要性。
The present study examined anxiety and depressive symptoms in relation to the social functioning of young adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and builds upon prior work by incorporating youths' self-reports of internalizing symptoms and examining distinct anxiety and depression dimensions to increase specificity. Participants were 310 young adolescents (ages 10-14; 71% male, 78% Caucasian) diagnosed with ADHD. Youth provided ratings of anxiety/depression, and parents provided ratings of their own depression. Parents and youth both reported on youths' social skills and perceived social acceptance. Path analyses indicated that above and beyond child demographics, ADHD and oppositional defiant disorder symptom severity, and parents' own depression, self-reported social anxiety and anhedonia were both associated with lower youth-reported social skills and both parent- and youth-reported social acceptance. Negative self-evaluation was associated with poorer parent-reported social skills. Finally, harm avoidance was positively associated with both youth- and parent-reported social skills. A path analysis using comorbid diagnoses (rather than symptom dimensions) indicated that that having a comorbid disruptive behavior disorder or depression diagnosis (but not a comorbid anxiety diagnosis) was associated with poorer parent-reported social functioning. Results demonstrate that the relation between internalizing symptoms and social functioning among young adolescents with ADHD is nuanced, with social anxiety and anhedonia symptoms associated with lower social skills and social acceptance in contrast to harm avoidance being associated with higher ratings of social skills (and unrelated to social acceptance). In terms of comorbid diagnoses, depression is more clearly related than anxiety to poorer social functioning among young adolescents with ADHD. These results point to the importance of attending to specific facets of anxiety and depression in clinical care and future research.