Impacts of autophagy on nitrogen use efficiency in plants
Impacts of autophagy on nitrogen use efficiency in plants
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DOI：
10.1080/00380768.2017.1412239
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Makino, Amane
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ishida, Hiroyuki;Makino, Amane
作物生产力很大程度上取决于氮 (N) 施肥。大量氮肥投入对农民和环境都有影响。因此，提高作物生产力的氮利用效率（NUE）对于可持续农业非常重要。许多植物氮被分配到叶子的叶绿体中，构成参与光合作用的蛋白质，衰老叶子中氮的再利用极大地影响了作物的生产力。自噬是一种高度保守的系统，用于降解真核生物的细胞内成分，负责在叶子衰老过程中降解叶绿体及其蛋白质。在本文中，我们回顾了最近的研究，证实自噬是在营养生长过程中维持高氮利用效率和有效地将氮重新动员到籽粒的关键。
Crop productivity greatly depends on nitrogen (N) fertilization. Large inputs of N fertilizer impact on both the farmer and the environment. Accordingly, improving N use efficiency (NUE) for crop productivity is important for sustainable agriculture. Much plant nitrogen is allocated into the chloroplasts in leaves to constitute proteins involved in photosynthesis, and remobilization of N from senescent leaves greatly affects crop productivity. Autophagy, a highly conserved system used to degrade intracellular components in eukaryotes, is responsible for degrading chloroplasts and their proteins during leaf senescence. In this paper, we review recent studies establishing that autophagy is a key for maintaining high NUE during vegetative growth and for efficiently remobilizing N to grains.