Does What We See Shape History? Examining Workload History as a Function of Performance and Ambient/Focal Visual Attention
Does What We See Shape History? Examining Workload History as a Function of Performance and Ambient/Focal Visual Attention
复制标题
我们所看到的是否塑造了历史？
DOI：
10.1145/3449066
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Riggs, Sara Lu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Devlin, Shannon P.;Byham, Jennifer K.;Riggs, Sara Lu
任务需求的变化可能会对绩效产生延迟的不利影响。这种现象被称为工作负荷历史效应，在操作员管理不断变化的任务需求的动态工作领域中尤其值得关注。现有的工作负载历史文献没有描绘出关于这些影响如何表现的一致图景，这促使研究考虑关于操作员过程的信息丰富的措施。视觉注意模式是一种很有前途的测量方法，因为它对各种认知过程具有信息性。为了探索其解释工作负荷历史影响的能力，参与者在无人机指挥控制试验台上完成了一项任务，其中工作负荷逐渐而突然地转移。参与者的表现和视觉注意模式随着时间的推移进行了研究，以确定工作负荷历史的影响。眼球跟踪分析使用了一种最新开发的称为系数K的眼球跟踪指标，因为它表明视觉注意力是更集中的还是更周围的。性能结果发现工作负载历史影响，但它取决于工作负载级别、运行时间和性能度量。眼球跟踪分析表明，当在低工作负荷时集中注意力时，性能会受到影响，这是一个意想不到的发现。当综合这些结果时，他们表明，随着时间的推移，意想不到的视觉注意力模式会立即影响表现。还需要进一步的研究；然而，这项工作表明了包括实时视觉注意力测量(如系数K)作为一种手段来理解操作员如何在复杂的工作环境中管理不同的任务要求的价值。
Changes in task demands can have delayed adverse impacts on performance. This phenomenon, known as the workload history effect, is especially of concern in dynamic work domains where operators manage fluctuating task demands. The existing workload history literature does not depict a consistent picture regarding how these effects manifest, prompting research to consider measures that are informative on the operator's process. One promising measure is visual attention patterns, due to its informativeness on various cognitive processes. To explore its ability to explain workload history effects, participants completed a task in an unmanned aerial vehicle command and control testbed where workload transitioned gradually and suddenly. The participants’ performance and visual attention patterns were studied over time to identify workload history effects. The eye-tracking analysis consisted of using a recently developed eye-tracking metric called coefficientK, as it indicates whether visual attention is more focal or ambient. The performance results found workload history effects, but it depended on the workload level, time elapsed, and performance measure. The eye-tracking analysis suggested performance suffered when focal attention was deployed during low workload, which was an unexpected finding. When synthesizing these results, they suggest unexpected visual attention patterns can impact performance immediately over time. Further research is needed; however, this work shows the value of including a real-time visual attention measure, such as coefficientK, as a means to understand how the operator manages varying task demands in complex work environments.
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需求转变和持续关注。
DOI：
10.1080/00221309.1993.9711151
发表时间：
1993
期刊：
The Journal of general psychology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Jonathan P. Gluckman;J. Warm;W. N. Dember;Roger R. Rosa
通讯作者：
Roger R. Rosa
警告和未警告的需求转变对警惕性表现和压力的影响
DOI：
10.1080/10615800801911305
发表时间：
2008
期刊：
Anxiety, Stress, & Coping
影响因子：
--
作者：
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通讯作者：
P. Hancock
DOI：
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发表时间：
2005
期刊：
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影响因子：
--
作者：
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通讯作者：
B. Velichkovsky;M. Joos;J. Helmert;S. Pannasch
视觉工作负载历史对视觉性能的影响
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
M. Matthews
通讯作者：
M. Matthews
DOI：
10.3758/bf03199369
发表时间：
1975
期刊：
Perception & Psychophysics
影响因子：
--
作者：
J. Krulewitz;J. Warm;T. Wohl
通讯作者：
T. Wohl