ON THE PLAUSIBILITY OF THE SUPPLY-DRIVEN INPUT-OUTPUT MODEL - A THEORETICAL BASIS FOR INPUT-COEFFICIENT CHANGE
ON THE PLAUSIBILITY OF THE SUPPLY-DRIVEN INPUT-OUTPUT MODEL - A THEORETICAL BASIS FOR INPUT-COEFFICIENT CHANGE
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-9787.1989.tb01389.x
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发表时间：
1989-08-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
GRUVER, GW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
GRUVER, GW
Oosterhaven（1988）将供给驱动的投入产出模型称为“理论上不可信”，并批评直接使用该模型进行影响研究。这一评论扩展并纠正了奥斯特黑文提出的一些问题。我们推导出当采用供给侧投入产出模型进行影响分析时，产业生产关系必须具备的特征，以与产业投入和产出的隐含变化相一致。首先，它表明，一个隐含的假设是在每个行业的生产函数的所有投入之间的完全替代性的特点。这与列昂惕夫关于所有投入要素替代弹性为零的假设截然相反，并且对于从最初观察到的解决方案发生的巨大变化来说是非常不现实的，因为它意味着所有投入在生产过程中都是不必要的，并且任何投入都可以同时替代所有其他投入。第二，它表明，该模型可能仍然是合理的近似的影响，因为隐含的生产关系可以被解释为成本最小化的选择一个标准的常数规模收益的生产函数线性化的初始解决方案的假设下，相对价格不变。在这种替代解释下，供给方模型可能会提供一个合理的近似值，用于分析初始解附近的变化，但似乎不适合分析大的变化。
Oosterhaven (1988) labels the supply‐driven input‐output model “theoretically implausible” and criticizes the straightforward use of the model for impact studies. This comment extends and corrects some of the issues addressed by Oosterhaven. We derive the characteristics which industry production relations must possess to be consistent with the implied changes in industry inputs and outputs when supply‐side input‐output models are employed for impact analysis. First, it is shown that an implicit assumption is the characteristic of perfect substitutability among all inputs in each industry production function. This is the polar opposite of the Leontief assumption of zero elasticity of factor substitution among all inputs, and is very unrealistic for large changes from the initially observed solution since it implies that all inputs are non‐essential in the production process and that any input can be substituted for all others simultaneously. Second, it is shown that the model may still be reasonable for approximating the effect of small changes since the implied production relation may be interpreted as a cost minimizing choice for a standard constant‐returns‐to‐scale production function linearized around the initial solution under the assumption that relative prices are unchanged. Under this alternative interpretation, the supply‐side model may be expected to provide a reasonable approximation, useful for analyzing changes in the neighborhood of the initial solution, but would appear to be inappropriate for analyzing large changes.