Development of preference for conspecific faces in human infants
Development of preference for conspecific faces in human infants
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人类婴儿对同种面孔的偏好的发展
DOI：
10.1037/a0035205
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sanefuji;W.;Wada;K.;Yamamoto;T.;Mohri;I.;& Taniike;M.
以前的研究已经提出，人类可能天生就有处理特定事物的机制。然而，由于先前的研究依赖于成年人的刺激，婴儿是只关注成年人还是整个人类物种还不清楚。我们发现1个月大的婴儿（n= 23）能够区分人类和猴子婴儿的脸；然而，他们没有表现出对人类婴儿面孔的偏好，而不是猴子婴儿面孔（n= 24），并且只在人类婴儿面孔类别中区分个体差异（n= 30）。我们成功地重复了先前的发现，即1个月大的婴儿（n= 42）更喜欢成年人，甚至是其他种族的成年人，而不是成年猴子。此外，到3个月大时，婴儿（n= 55）在婴儿和成人刺激下更喜欢人脸而不是猴脸。人类婴儿对同种面孔的自发偏好似乎最初仅限于同种成人，后来扩展到同种婴儿。未来的研究应该试图确定，对成年人的偏好是来自于某种天生的倾向，即照顾同种成年人，还是来自于早期与成年人相处的经历的影响。（PsycInfo数据库记录(c) 2020 APA，版权所有）
Previous studies have proposed that humans may be born with mechanisms that attend to conspecifics. However, as previous studies have relied on stimuli featuring human adults, it remains unclear whether infants attend only to adult humans or to the entire human species. We found that 1-month-old infants (n= 23) were able to differentiate between human and monkey infants’ faces; however, they exhibited no preference for human infants’ faces over monkey infants’ faces (n= 24) and discriminated individual differences only within the category of human infants’ faces (n= 30). We successfully replicated previous findings that 1-month-old infants (n= 42) preferred adult humans, even adults of other races, to adult monkeys. Further, by 3 months of age, infants (n= 55) preferred human faces to monkey faces with both infant and adult stimuli. Human infants’ spontaneous preference for conspecific faces appears to be initially limited to conspecific adults and afterward extended to conspecific infants. Future research should attempt to determine whether preference for human adults results from some innate tendency to attend to conspecific adults or from the impact of early experiences with adults.(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved)