Dampened psychobiological responses to stress and substance use in adolescence.
Dampened psychobiological responses to stress and substance use in adolescence.
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青春期对压力和物质使用的心理生物学反应受到抑制。
DOI：
10.1017/s0954579422000244
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Deardorff,Julianna
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rahal,Danny;Shirtcliff,ElizabethA;Fuligni,Andrew;Kogut,Katherine;Gonzales,Nancy;Johnson,Megan;Eskenazi,Brenda;Deardorff,Julianna
在整个青春期，药物使用会增加，早期使用药物可能会增加健康状况恶化的风险。然而，有限的研究探讨了压力反应是否与青少年物质使用有关，特别是在少数民族和高逆境背景的青少年中。本研究评估了14岁时对压力的迟钝情绪和皮质醇反应是否与14岁和16岁时的物质使用有关，以及这种关联是否因贫困状况和性别而异。277名墨西哥裔青年（53.19%为女性; 68.35%低于贫困线）完成了一项社会评价压力任务，该任务在文化上适应了这一人群，并提供了唾液样本，并在整个任务中对他们的愤怒，悲伤和幸福进行了评级。他们还报告了他们是否曾经在14岁和16岁时使用过酒精，大麻，香烟和尼古丁。多水平模型表明，在贫困线以上的年轻人中，皮质醇对压力的反应迟钝与14岁之前的酒精使用和16岁之前的尼古丁雾化有关。此外，女性青少年对压力的迟钝的悲伤和快乐反应与大麻和酒精的使用有关。压力反应迟钝可能是贫困线以上青年和少女使用药物的一个风险因素。
Substance use increases throughout adolescence, and earlier substance use may increase risk for poorer health. However, limited research has examined whether stress responses relate to adolescent substance use, especially among adolescents from ethnic minority and high-adversity backgrounds. The present study assessed whether blunted emotional and cortisol responses to stress at age 14 related to substance use by ages 14 and 16, and whether associations varied by poverty status and sex. A sample of 277 Mexican-origin youth (53.19% female; 68.35% below the poverty line) completed a social-evaluative stress task, which was culturally adapted for this population, and provided saliva samples and rated their anger, sadness, and happiness throughout the task. They also reported whether they had ever used alcohol, marijuana, cigarettes, and vaping of nicotine at age 14 and again at age 16. Multilevel models suggested that blunted cortisol reactivity to stress was associated with alcohol use by age 14 and vaping nicotine by age 16 among youth above the poverty line. Also, blunted sadness and happiness reactivity to stress was associated with use of marijuana and alcohol among female adolescents. Blunted stress responses may be a risk factor for substance use among youth above the poverty line and female adolescents.