The Sociology of the State
The Sociology of the State
复制标题
国家社会学
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
1983
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Arthur Goldhammer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. Badie;P. Birnbaum;Arthur Goldhammer
我们常常认为现代政治国家是一个普遍的制度，是历史的必然产物，而不是一个非常特殊的历史的具体创造。贝特朗·巴迪和皮埃尔·伯恩鲍姆在这里令人信服地论证了国家的起源是一种社会事实，产生于西欧特殊的社会历史背景。作者利用历史资料，将社会学的见解引入法学家和政治学家长期抛弃的领域，为国家的诞生和随后的扩散奠定了一个惊人的原创理论的基础。本书开篇回顾了马克思、涂尔干和韦伯等思想家提出的关于制度起源的主要进化理论。反对这些观点，作者提出并捍卫他们的论点，即国家是一种“发明”，而不是任何其他过程的必然结果。国家一旦被发明出来，就会通过强制或模仿的方式传播到它的西欧诞生地以外。该研究最后对法国、普鲁士、英国、美国和瑞士的实际国家机构的差异进行了具体分析。
Too often we think of the modern political state as a universal institution, the inevitable product of History rather than a specific creation of a very particular history. Bertrand Badie and Pierre Birnbaum here persuasively argue that the origin of the state is a social fact, arising out of the peculiar sociohistorical context of Western Europe. Drawing on historical materials and bringing sociological insights to bear on a field long abandoned to jurists and political scientists, the authors lay the foundations for a strikingly original theory of the birth and subsequent diffusion of the state. The book opens with a review of the principal evolutionary theories concerning the origin of the institution proposed by such thinkers as Marx, Durkheim, and Weber. Rejecting these views, the authors set forward and defend their thesis that the state was an "invention" rather than a necessary consequence of any other process. Once invented, the state was disseminated outside its Western European birthplace either through imposition or imitation. The study concludes with concrete analyses of the differences in actual state institutions in France, Prussia, Great Britain, the United States, and Switzerland.