Understanding and enhancing motor recovery after stroke using transcranial magnetic stimulation.
Understanding and enhancing motor recovery after stroke using transcranial magnetic stimulation.
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DOI：
10.3233/rnn-2011-0611
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Celnik PA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hoyer EH;Celnik PA
中风是导致长期残疾的主要原因。了解人们如何从中风和其他脑部病变中恢复仍然是神经科学中最大的难题之一。因此，近年来的共同努力集中在研究中风后大脑中发生的神经生理学变化，以及开发新的策略来促进运动恢复。特别是，经颅磁刺激（TMS）是一种非侵入性的工具，已被用于研究脑可塑性的变化所造成的中风，并作为一种治疗方式，以安全地改善运动功能。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了TMS的贡献，以了解不同的运动区，如同侧半球，次级运动区，和对侧半球参与运动恢复。我们还考虑了最近的研究，使用重复TMS（rTMS）在中风患者，以提高上肢功能。虽然需要进一步的研究，这些调查提供了一个重要的起点，了解刺激参数和患者的特点，可能会影响最佳的反应，无创脑刺激。rTMS的未来发展方向进行了讨论的背景下，中风后运动恢复。
Stroke is the leading cause of long-term disability. Understanding how people recover from stroke and other brain lesions remain one of the biggest conundrums in neuroscience. As a result, concerted efforts in recent years have focused on investigating the neurophysiological changes that occur in the brain after stroke, and in developing novel strategies to enhance motor recovery. In particular, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive tool that has been used to investigate the brain plasticity changes resulting from stroke and as a therapeutic modality to safely improve motor function. In this review, we discuss the contributions of TMS to understand how different motor areas, such as the ipsilesional hemisphere, secondary motor areas, and contralesional hemisphere are involved in motor recovery. We also consider recent studies using repetitive TMS (rTMS) in stroke patients to enhance upper extremity function. Although further studies are needed, these investigations provide an important starting point to understand the stimulation parameters and patient characteristics that may influence the optimal response to non-invasive brain stimulation. Future directions of rTMS are discussed in the context of post-stroke motor recovery.