Influence of short-time imidacloprid and acetamiprid application on soil microbial metabolic activity and enzymatic activity
Influence of short-time imidacloprid and acetamiprid application on soil microbial metabolic activity and enzymatic activity
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DOI：
10.1007/s11356-014-2991-8
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发表时间：
2014-05
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Fei Wang;Jun Yao;Huilun Chen;Zheng-ji Yi;Martin M. F. Choi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fei Wang;Jun Yao;Huilun Chen;Zheng-ji Yi;Martin M. F. Choi
两种烟碱类化合物的影响，即，采用微量热法和酶法相结合的方法，在短时间内研究了吡虫啉（IMI）和啶虫脒（ACE）对土壤微生物活性的影响。采用QT（J g− 1 soil）、KJ Hmet（kJ mol−1）、JQ/S（J g−1h−1）、k（h−1）等热力学参数，以及土壤酶活性、脱氢酶、磷酸单酯酶、精氨酸脱氨酶和脲酶等，评价IMI和ACE处理后土壤整体代谢活性的变化和急性毒性。不同剖面的生热曲线反映了不同的土壤微生物活动。微生物生长速率常数k、总放热QT（IMI除外）和抑制率I与IMI和ACE的剂量呈线性关系，IMI的QT在0.0-20 μg g g-1时增加，在20-80 μg g-1时降低，可能是由于存在耐受微生物。IMI和ACE的50%抑制率（IC 50）分别为95.7和77.2 μg g g-1。ACE的毒性略高于IMI。通过对微生物生物量-C的k和QT作图，表明k和QT是生长产量依赖性的。IMI和ACE对脱氢酶、磷酸单酯酶和脲酶活性的抑制率分别为29.6、40.4和23.0以及23.3、21.7和30.5%。相比之下，IMI和ACE分别使精氨酸脱氨酶活性提高了15.2%和13.2%。所选的参数指标给出了两种杀虫剂的定量剂量-反应关系，并表明ACE比IMI毒性更大，这是由于它们的分子结构不同。
The influence of two neonicotinoids, i.e., imidacloprid (IMI) and acetamiprid (ACE), on soil microbial activities was investigated in a short period of time using a combination of the microcalorimetric approach and enzyme tests. Thermodynamic parameters such asQT(J g−1soil), ∆Hmet(kJ mol−1),JQ/S(J g−1h−1),k(h−1), and soil enzymatic activities, dehydrogenase, phosphomonoesterase, arginine deaminase, and urease, were used to evaluate whole metabolic activity changes and acute toxicity following IMI and ACE treatment. Various profiles of thermogenic curves reflect different soil microbial activities. The microbial growth rate constantk, total heat evolutionQT(expect for IMI), and inhibitory ratioIshow linear relationship with the doses of IMI and ACE.QTfor IMI increases at 0.0–20 μg g−1and then decreases at 20–80 μg g−1, possibly attributing to the presence of tolerant microorganisms. The 50 % inhibitory ratios (IC50) of IMI and ACE are 95.7 and 77.2 μg g−1, respectively. ACE displays slightly higher toxicity than IMI. Plots ofkandQTagainst microbial biomass-C indicate that thekandQTare growth yield-dependent. IMI and ACE show 29.6; 40.4 and 23.0; and 23.3, 21.7, and 30.5 % inhibition of dehydrogenase, phosphomonoesterase, and urease activity, respectively. By contrast, the arginine deaminase activity is enhanced by 15.2 and 13.2 % with IMI and ACE, respectively. The parametric indices selected give a quantitative dose-response relationship of both insecticides and indicate that ACE is more toxic than IMI due to their difference in molecular structures.