Damage from the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami - A quick report
Damage from the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami - A quick report
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DOI：
10.1007/s11027-011-9297-7
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发表时间：
2011-10-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Kazama, So
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mimura, Nobuo;Yasuhara, Kazuya;Kazama, So
日本东北部的东北地区在靠近东北的太平洋地区发生了巨大的地震，随后发生了巨大的海啸。这些灾害对日本东海岸造成了巨大的破坏。这次地震的震级为9.0级，是日本有记录以来最强的一次。这次海啸的上升高度超过39米，也是历史性的。截至2011年5月初，据报道有超过2.4万人死亡或失踪。此外，福岛第一核电站的严重事故是由海啸的影响造成的。因此，日本人民所面临的损失可以看作是一场巨大的综合灾难。虽然日本，特别是日本东北部，在很长一段时间内加强了对地震和海啸的准备，但仍然发生了巨大的破坏。本文考虑了这场悲剧发生的原因，以及哪些未被认识到的因素导致了该地区的高度脆弱性。为了帮助回答这些问题，本文及时报道了地震和海啸的特点、造成的破坏以及早期的恢复和重建工作。
The Tohoku region, Northeast Japan, was hit by a gigantic earthquake which occurred in the Pacific close to Tohoku, and subsequently by a giant tsunami. These hazards have caused huge damage on the eastern coast Japan. The earthquake's magnitude was 9.0, the strongest ever recorded in Japan. The tsunami was also historical as its run-up height reached over 39 m. As of early May, 2011, over 24 thousand people were reported as dead or missing. Moreover, serious accidents at the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plants No. 1 were caused by the effects of the tsunami. Therefore, the damage faced by Japanese people can be seen as a giant composite disaster. Although Japan, and the northeast of Japan in particular, has over a long time period increased its preparedness against earthquakes and tsunamis, huge damage still occurred. This paper considers why this tragedy occurred, and what unrecognized factors contributed to the high vulnerability of the area. To assist in answering such questions, this paper presents a timely report of the features of the earthquake and tsunami, the damage they caused, and the early efforts for recovery and reconstruction.