Radar, lidar, and optical observations in the polar summer mesosphere shortly after a space shuttle launch
Radar, lidar, and optical observations in the polar summer mesosphere shortly after a space shuttle launch
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航天飞机发射后不久对极地夏季中间层进行雷达、激光雷达和光学观测
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发表时间：
2010
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通讯作者：
K. Mizutani
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作者：
M. Kelley;M. Nicolls;R. Varney;R. Collins;R. Doe;J. Plane;J. Thayer;M. Taylor;B. Thurairajah;K. Mizutani
[1]2007年夏天，在阿拉斯加组织了一场夜光云运动。使用了雷达、激光雷达和摄影方法。由于照明条件的原因，这项活动是在NLC赛季接近尾声时进行的。零星的雷达和激光雷达回波一直持续到战役结束时，当地时间8月10日至11日晚上发生了一次异常强烈的事件。这项季末活动是在8月8日航天飞机发射之后举行的。在此之前，航天飞机至少两次在冬至发射后，对极地地区的NLC和零星的铁层进行了独特的观测。这里的情况也是如此。与前一天晚上相比，铁层的高度和密度都增加了，后者增加了20倍。(1)在这种情况下，雷达首次记录到极地中层夏季回波(PMSE)；(2)强烈的零星E层与铁原子层配置在一起。在所使用的超高频雷达频率下，PMSE需要非常大的施密特数。事实上，PMSE是在导致Mie散射的粒子及其上方发现的。如此大的粒子很可能需要产生大的施密特数。此外，前一天晚上在格陵兰岛上空也探测到了类似的激光雷达和零星的E层。在这里，我们考虑了可能导致原子和铁层并置的离子化学，并得出结论，需要相当高的水蒸气含量。
[1] In the summer of 2007, a noctilucent cloud (NLC) campaign was organized in Alaska. Radar, lidar, and photographic methods were used. Due to lighting conditions, the campaign was carried out near the end of the NLC season. Sporadic radar and lidar echoes were obtained until the very end of the campaign, when an exceptionally intense event occurred on the local time night of 10–11 August. This late-season event followed the launch of the space shuttle on 8 August. At least twice before, solstice launches of the shuttle have been followed by unique observations of NLC and sporadic iron layers in the polar regions. This was the case here as well. The iron layer increased in altitude and density, the latter by a factor of 20, compared to the previous night. And, for the first time, (1) polar mesospheric summer echoes (PMSE) were recorded by a radar in an event of this nature and (2) an intense sporadic E layer was collocated with the iron atom layer. At the UHF radar frequency used, very large Schmidt numbers are required for PMSE. Indeed, the PMSE was found at and just above the particles responsible for Mie scatter. Such large particles are likely needed to yield large Schmidt numbers. Additionally, similar lidar and sporadic E layers were detected over Greenland on the previous night. Here we consider the ion chemistry that could lead to the collocated atom and iron layers and conclude that considerably enhanced water vapor content was required.