Wave Exposure Structures Oyster Distribution on Natural Intertidal Reefs, But Not on Hardened Shorelines
Wave Exposure Structures Oyster Distribution on Natural Intertidal Reefs, But Not on Hardened Shorelines
复制标题
波浪暴露导致天然潮间带珊瑚礁上的牡蛎分布，但硬化的海岸线上则不然
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Kathrynlynn W. Theuerkauf
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Seth J. Theuerkauf;D. Eggleston;B. Puckett;Kathrynlynn W. Theuerkauf
潮间带牡蛎礁可以保护河口海岸线免受波浪侵蚀和海平面上升的影响，对这些生态系统服务的认识推动了全球保护和恢复这些珊瑚礁的努力。尽管潮间带牡蛎礁具有衰减波浪侵蚀的价值，但很少有人关注波浪暴露对其分布的影响。本研究的特点波曝光的作用，在确定分布的天然潮间带牡蛎礁和牡蛎硬化海岸线（舱壁和抛石护岸）。波浪暴露是使用美国国家海洋和大气管理局（NOAA）开发的波浪暴露模型（WEMo）确定的，该模型集成了邻近水深、获取和处理的风信息以及其他变量。2014年夏季，在美国北卡罗来纳州的帕姆利科和科尔海峡进行了牡蛎礁实地测绘，定义为≥10个牡蛎m−2。硬化的海岸线和相关的牡蛎密度只绘制了帕姆利科湾。确定了一个狭窄的波浪暴露阈值（~500 J m−1），高于该阈值不会出现自然的潮间带珊瑚礁，低于该阈值，珊瑚礁的存在显然取决于其他结构变量，如采样时的盐度和周围沉积物的粒度。波浪暴露与硬化海岸线上牡蛎的存在无关。WEMO在本研究中的应用将有助于潮间带牡蛎礁恢复的位置和材料的选择。
Intertidal oyster reefs can protect estuarine shorelines from wave erosion and sea-level rise, and recognition of these ecosystem services has fueled global efforts to conserve and restore these reefs. Although intertidal oyster reefs are valued for attenuating wave erosion, little attention has been paid to the effects of wave exposure on their distribution. The present study characterized the role of wave exposure in determining the distribution of natural intertidal oyster reefs and of oysters on hardened shorelines (bulkhead and riprap revetments). Wave exposure was determined using the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)-developed Wave Exposure Model (WEMo), which integrates adjacent water depth, fetch, and processed wind information, among other variables. Field mapping of oyster reefs, defined as ≥10 oysters m−2, in Pamlico and Core sounds, North Carolina, USA, was conducted in summer 2014. Hardened shorelines and associated oyster densities were mapped for Pamlico Sound only. A narrow wave exposure threshold (~500 J m−1) was identified above which natural intertidal reefs did not occur and below which reef presence was apparently dependent on other structuring variables, such as salinity at the time of sampling and the grain size of surrounding sediments. Wave exposure was not correlated with the presence of oysters on hardened shorelines. The application of WEMo in the present study should be useful for selecting locations and materials for intertidal oyster reef restoration.