International volunteering and development: global citizenship and neoliberal professionalisation today

International volunteering and development: global citizenship and neoliberal professionalisation today
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国际志愿服务与发展:当今的全球公民和新自由主义专业化

DOI:
10.1111/j.1475-5661.2011.00436.x
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发表时间:
2011
影响因子:
3.3
通讯作者:
Baillie Smith M
Baillie Smith M
中科院分区:
法学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Baillie Smith M

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国际志愿服务在当代英国公众的想象中占据着一个受欢迎的位置。它得到了包括政府、企业部门和非政府组织(NGO)在内的一系列利益相关者的支持,他们越来越多地分享一种说法,强调国际志愿服务有能力培养志愿者,这些志愿者在回国后以及在海外逗留期间,都会对全球公平或他们的专业身份产生影响。本文探讨了公民权、职业化和伙伴关系的论述和实践,因为它们产生和通过当代国际志愿服务产生。我们通过询问国际志愿服务和发展的相互重叠的谱系来做到这一点。我们的分析探讨了国际志愿服务似乎既体现了个人自主、改进和责任的新自由主义思想,同时又与全球集体公民身份、团结、发展和激进主义的概念结盟。为了说明我们的论点,我们考察了两套志愿服务伙伴关系,一套是支持国际发展部1000万GB的3年期方案,重点是派遣年轻的英国弱势群体作为国际志愿者;另一套是由VSO和国际咨询公司埃森哲(Accenture)支持的企业公民志愿方案。通过审问当代国家、企业和民间社会对国际志愿服务的推动,我们可以考察职业化以及全球和新自由主义公民身份的概念是如何通过发展想象力产生的,是在新的志愿服务人群和部门之间和部门之间谈判和构建的,而此时,尤其是由于信贷紧缩,经济和职业未来是脆弱和不确定的。
International volunteering occupies a popular place in contemporary UK public imaginations. It is supported by a range of stakeholders, including the state, the corporate sector and non‐government organisations (NGOs), which increasingly share a narrative emphasising international volunteering’s capacity to develop volunteers whose impacts on global equity or their professional identities emerge on their return as much as during their stay overseas. This paper explores discourses and practices of citizenship, professionalisation and partnership as they produce and are produced through contemporary international volunteering. We do this through interrogating the overlapping genealogies of international volunteering and development. Our analysis explores the ways in which international volunteering seems to both exemplify neoliberal ideas of individual autonomy, improvement and responsibility and at the same time allies itself to notions of collective global citizenship, solidarity, development and activism. To illustrate our argument we examine two sets of volunteering partnerships, those that support the Department for International Development’s £10 million, 3‐year programme focused on sending young, British disadvantaged people as international volunteers, and the corporate citizenship volunteer programmes supported by VSO and the international consulting firm, Accenture. Interrogating contemporary state, corporate and civil society promotion of international volunteering allows us to examine how notions of professionalisation and global and neoliberal citizenship are produced through development imaginaries, and are negotiated and constructed among and by new volunteering populations and sectors at a moment when, particularly due to the credit crunch, economic and career futures are fragile and uncertain.
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